Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrewwaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *krew-, *krow-, *krows- (“to fall, beat, break, bruise”). Cognate with Lithuanian krùšti (“to smash, crash, bruise”), Russian круши́ть (krušítʹ, “to destroy”).

Pronunciation

Verb

*hrewwaną[1][2]

  1. to grieve, to feel sorrow
  2. to cause regret, to rue

Inflection

Conjugation of *hrewwaną (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hrewwō *hrewwaų — *hrewwai ?
2nd singular *hriwwizi *hrewwaiz *hreww *hrewwazai *hrewwaizau
3rd singular *hriwwidi *hrewwai *hrewwadau *hrewwadai *hrewwaidau
1st dual *hrewwōz *hrewwaiw — — —
2nd dual *hrewwadiz *hrewwaidiz *hrewwadiz — —
1st plural *hrewwamaz *hrewwaim — *hrewwandai *hrewwaindau
2nd plural *hriwwid *hrewwaid *hriwwid *hrewwandai *hrewwaindau
3rd plural *hrewwandi *hrewwain *hrewwandau *hrewwandai *hrewwaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hrau(w) *hruwį̄
2nd singular *hrau(w)t *hruwīz
3rd singular *hrau(w) *hruwī
1st dual *hruwū *hruwīw
2nd dual *hruwudiz *hruwīdiz
1st plural *hruwum *hruwīm
2nd plural *hruwud *hruwīd
3rd plural *hruwun *hruwīn
present past
participles *hrewwandz *hruwanaz

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*hrewan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 246-247
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xrewwanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 186
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