Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pytati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pew-. Cognate with Latin putāre (“to cut off branches, estimate, consider, think”), Tocharian A putk, as well as (without *-t-) Lithuanian piáuti, Latin paviō, Ancient Greek παίω (paíō), Albanian fus (“insert, put (something) in”).

Verb

*pȳtàti

1. to ask, examine

Inflection

Conjugation of *pytati, *pyta, *pytajetь (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*pytanьje	*pytati	*pytatъ	*pytalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*pytanъ	*pytajemъ
Active	*pytavъ	*pytaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pytaxъ	*pyta	*pyta	*pytajǫ	*pytaješi	*pytajetь
Dual	*pytaxově	*pytasta	*pytaste	*pytajevě	*pytajeta	*pytajete
Plural	*pytaxomъ	*pytaste	*pytašę	*pytajemъ	*pytajete	*pytajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pytaaxъ	*pytaaše	*pytaaše	—	*pytaji	*pytaji
Dual	*pytaaxově	*pytaašeta	*pytaašete	*pytajivě	*pytajita	—
Plural	*pytaaxomъ	*pytaašete	*pytaaxǫ	*pytajimъ	*pytajite	—

Derived terms

• *jьzpytati
• *napytati
• *opytati
  • *opytanьje
  • *opytъ
  • *opytъka
  • *opytьnъ

• *orzpytati
  • *orzpytanьje
  • *orzpytovati
  • *orzpytъ
• *otъpytati
  • *otъpytanьje

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: пꙑтати (pytati)
    • Belarusian: пыта́ць (pytácʹ)
    • Russian: пыта́ть (pytátʹ, “to torture, (colloquial) to try”), 1sg. пыта́ю (pytáju)
    • Ukrainian: пита́ти (pytáty)

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: пꙑтати (pytati, “to examine”), 1sg. пꙑтаѭ (pytajǫ)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: пи́там (pítam, “to ask”)
  • Macedonian: пита (pita)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: пи́тати (“to ask”)

    Latin script: pítati (“to ask”)

    • Chakavian : pītȁti (“to ask”), 2sg. pĩtå̄š
    • Chakavian : pītȁt (“to ask, to request”), 1sg. pĩtan
  • Slovene: pítati (“to ask”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. pȋtam (tonal orthography)

• West Slavic:
  • Czech: ptát
    • Moravian : pítat
  • Kashubian: pëtac
  • Polish: pytać
  • Slovak: pýtať (“to ask”)
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: pytać
    • Lower Sorbian: pytaś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пытать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “пытать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 88