calender

See also: calênder

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkæləndə/
• enPR: kălʹəndər, IPA^(key): /ˈkæləndɚ/
• Rhymes: -æləndə(ɹ)
• Homophones: calendar, qalandar

Etymology 1

• From French calandre, from Late Latin calendra, altered from Latin cylindrus (“cylinder”), from Ancient Greek κύλινδρος (kúlindros). Doublet of cylinder.
• This spelling calender was introduced in the 17th century to differentiate the machine from the chronological senses of calendar.

Noun

calender (plural calenders)

1. 

   Calander machine

   A machine, used for the purpose of giving cloth, paper etc., a smooth, even, and glossy or glazed surface, by cold or hot pressure, or for watering them and giving them a wavy appearance; it consists of two or more cylinders revolving nearly in contact, with the necessary apparatus for moving and regulating.
2. One who pursues the business of calendering.

Synonyms

• (one in the business or trade of calendering): calendrer

Translations

machine

• Arabic: مَاكِينَة صَقْل اَلْوَرَق f (mākīnat ṣaql al-waraq)
• Bulgarian: каландър m (kalandǎr)
• Dutch: kalendermachine, kalender (nl), stofglanzer
• Finnish: kalanteri (fi)
• French: calendre
• German: Kalander (de) m
• Japanese: カレンダー (ja) (karendā), 光沢機 (こうたくき, kōtakuki)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Ottoman Turkish: جندره (cendere)
• Polish: kalander (pl) m, gładziarka f
• Portuguese: calandra (pt) f
• Russian: кала́ндр (ru) m (kalándr)
• Spanish: calandria (es) f
• Swedish: mangel (sv) c, kalander (sv) c
• Tagalog: panggupilpil

Verb

calender (third-person singular simple present calenders, present participle calendering, simple past and past participle calendered)

1. To press between rollers for the purpose of making smooth and glossy, or wavy, as woolen and silk stuffs, linens, paper etc., as in a calender.

Derived terms

• supercalender

Translations

to press between rollers

• Arabic: صَقَلَ (ṣaqala)
• Bulgarian: пресовам (bg) (presovam)
• Finnish: kalanteroida
• German: kalandern
• Ido: glacar (io)
• Polish: kalendrować
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: calandrar (pt)
• Russian: каландри́ровать (ru) (kalandrírovatʹ), каландрова́ть (ru) (kalandrovátʹ)
• Spanish: calandrar (es)
• Swahili: kalenda (sw)
• Tagalog: gupilpilin

Etymology 2

From Persian قلندر (qalandar, “wandering dervish”), from Arabic قَلَنْدَار (qalandār, “wandering dervish”), itself from Persian کلندر (kalandar, “uncouth man”), from کلند (kaland, “rough, unshaven”).

Noun

calender (plural calenders)

1. One of a wandering, mendicant Sufic order of fantastically dressed or painted dervishes, founded in the 13th century by an Arab named Yusuf.

Translations

one of an order of dervishes

• French: calender (fr)
• Hindi: कलन्दर (hi) m (kalandar), कलंदर (hi) m (kalandar)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: calênder m

Etymology 3

Noun

calender (plural calenders)

1. Obsolete form of calendar.
   • 1594, Rob[ert] Abbot, A Mirrour of Popish Subtilties: […], London: […] Thomas Creede, for Thomas Woodcocke, […], page 104:

     […] and maruell it is, that for this cauſe he was not ſainted in the Roman Calender.

   • 1653, Jeremy Shakerley, Tabulæ Britannicæ: The British Tables: […], London: […] R[obert] and W[illiam] Leybourn, for Robert Boydell, […], page 21:

     The other two we ſearch not by Calculation, but Tables, and this two wayes, viz that we may ſatisfie both the Calenders, as well Julian as Gregorian, which as they do not altogether partake of one forme of year; ſo do they neceſſarily varie in their Indiecs of week dayes, and feaſts. The Tables ſhew how in both the Calenders the Dominicall letters anſwer to the Cycle of the Sun, and the Epacts to the golden number in the old Calender perpetually, but in the new one to the year 1700 excluſive, and in the new Calender to the year 1900 excluſive. Nor will it be difficult, by the help of the Table of anticipation to extend theſe Tables further, if the way how the Calender was corrected be fully known.

2. Misspelling of calendar.

References

• Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “calender”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
• Nouveau Petit Larousse illustré. Dictionnaire encyclopédique. Paris, Librairie Larousse, 1952, 146th edition
• Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, G.&C. Merriam Co., 1967

Anagrams

• encradle

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Middle English

Noun

calender

1. Alternative form of kalender