Appendix:Finnish declension/risti
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Kotus type 5 (risti) | NSK type 4 (risti) and 7 (kalsium) |
---|
Two-syllable nominals ending with ⟨-i⟩; consonant gradation possible. Also words formed using the suffix -kki.
Partitive ending ⟨-a⟩/⟨-ä⟩ and genitive plural ending ⟨-en⟩. ⟨-i⟩ of stem changes to ⟨-e-⟩ before plural marker ⟨-i-⟩, except in genitive plural, where it is dropped.
Foreign words and loan words ending in a consonant are often declined following this type: the nominative singular has no ⟨-i⟩ ending, but the rest of the declension is as for an ⟨-i⟩ nominal, including the illative singular ⟨-iin⟩.
Basic declension without consonant gradation[edit]
Consonant gradation[edit]
Loan words generally do not undergo consonant gradation.
Summary[edit]
Kotus | *A | *B | *C | *D | *E | *F | *G | *I | *J | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
grade | kk → k | pp → p | tt → t | k → ∅ | p → v | t → d | nk → ng | lt → ll | nt → nn | |
nominative | strong | tukki | nuppi | niitti | laki | hupi | koti | vanki | pelti | tunti |
genitive | weak | tukin | nupin | niitin | lain | huvin | kodin | vangin | pellin | tunnin |
partitive | strong | tukkia | nuppia | niittia | lakia | hupia | kotia | vankia | peltiä | tuntia |
elative | weak | tukista | nupista | niitista | laista | huvista | kodista | vangista | pellistä | tunnista |
illative | strong | tukkiin | nuppiin | niittiin | lakiin | hupiin | kotiin | vankiin | peltiin | tuntiin |
Complete declension example with consonant gradation (t → d)[edit]
Inflection of koti (Kotus type 5*F/risti, t-d gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | koti | kodit | ||
genitive | kodin | kotien | ||
partitive | kotia | koteja | ||
illative | kotiin | koteihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | koti | kodit | ||
accusative | nom. | koti | kodit | |
gen. | kodin | |||
genitive | kodin | kotien | ||
partitive | kotia | koteja | ||
inessive | kodissa | kodeissa | ||
elative | kodista | kodeista | ||
illative | kotiin | koteihin | ||
adessive | kodilla | kodeilla | ||
ablative | kodilta | kodeilta | ||
allative | kodille | kodeille | ||
essive | kotina | koteina | ||
translative | kodiksi | kodeiksi | ||
abessive | koditta | kodeitta | ||
instructive | — | kodein | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of koti (type risti) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Template[edit]
{{fi-decl-risti}}