Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrukkaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Kroonen considers the term to be of unknown origin, and additionally considers the reconstruction *rukkaz to be incorrect, due to the existence of forms such as Old Frisian hrock, thus rejecting the traditional derivation from Proto-Indo-European *rukn-, *ruk-, *rug-, *ruǵ- (“to spin”) and corollary connections with Proto-Germanic *rukkô (“spinning wheel, distaff”), Old Irish rucht (“tunic”), and Welsh rhuwch (“bran, husks, sieve; rough garment, cloak, mantle”).[1][2]
An alternative derivation from Proto-Indo-European *kreḱ- (“to weave”) (whence Proto-Slavic *kresati (“to strike fire)”) is semantically attractive, but phonetically problematic, as the expected Germanic form would be something like *hruhaz. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]*hrukkaz m
Inflection
[edit]| masculine a-stemDeclension of *hrukkaz (masculine a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *hrukkaz | *hrukkōz, *hrukkōs | |
| vocative | *hrukk | *hrukkōz, *hrukkōs | |
| accusative | *hrukką | *hrukkanz | |
| genitive | *hrukkas, *hrukkis | *hrukkǫ̂ | |
| dative | *hrukkai | *hrukkamaz | |
| instrumental | *hrukkō | *hrukkamiz | |
Descendants
[edit]Only forms which explicitly reflect initial h- are shown here. The remainder are at *rukkaz.
- Proto-West Germanic: *hrokk
References
[edit]- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hrukka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 250-1
- ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*rukkaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 308