rok

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See also: Rok, Rök, ROK, rǫk, rɔk, rök, rɵk, rɔ̈k, røk, ròk, and rȫk

English

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Noun

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rok (plural roks)

  1. Alternative form of roc

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch rok, from Middle Dutch roc, from Old Dutch rok, from Proto-Germanic *rukkaz.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /rɔk/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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rok (plural rokke, diminutive rokkie)

  1. A dress.

Descendants

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  • Sotho: roko
  • Xhosa: ilokhwe

Breton

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Etymology

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Related to Irish rucas (pride, arrogance). Possibly borrowed into English as rogue.[1]

Adjective

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rok

  1. arrogant
  2. hard

References

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  1. ^ Walter W[illiam] Skeat (1910) “ROGUE”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, new (4th) revised and enlarged edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: At the Clarendon Press, published 1963, →OCLC.

Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech rok, from Proto-Slavic *rokъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rok m inan

  1. year, the time it takes a planetary body to complete one revolution around a star
  2. (sciences) year, exactly 365.25 days
    Synonym: léto
  3. year, a period between set dates that denotes a year
    Synonym: kalendářní rok
    v tomto rocethis year
  4. year, a scheduled part of a year spent in a given activity

Declension

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Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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  • rok”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • rok”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • rok”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse rokkr

Noun

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rok

  1. a spinning wheel
  2. a distaff

Derived terms

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Dinka

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Noun

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rok (plural rook)

  1. kidney

References

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  • Dinka-English Dictionary[1], 2005

Dutch

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Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch roc, from Old Dutch rok, from Proto-West Germanic *(h)rokk, from Proto-Germanic *rukkaz.

Noun

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rok m (plural rokken, diminutive rokje n)

  1. skirt (clothing)
  2. full dress, white tie (formal clothing)
  3. layer on a bulb such as an onion
  4. (chiefly historical, otherwise archaic) garment covering the torso
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: rok
  • Jersey Dutch: rok
  • Negerhollands: rok
  • Indonesian: rok
  • Papiamentu: rok (dated)

Etymology 2

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Noun

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rok m (plural rokken, diminutive rokje n)

  1. Alternative form of rokken

Finnish

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Etymology

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From English roc.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈrok/, [ˈro̞k]
  • Rhymes: -ok
  • Syllabification(key): rok

Noun

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rok

  1. roc (mythical bird)

Usage notes

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  • Often used in the form rok-lintu (roc-bird).

Declension

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Inflection of rok (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative rok rokit
genitive rokin rokien
partitive rokia rokeja
illative rokiin rokeihin
singular plural
nominative rok rokit
accusative nom. rok rokit
gen. rokin
genitive rokin rokien
partitive rokia rokeja
inessive rokissa rokeissa
elative rokista rokeista
illative rokiin rokeihin
adessive rokilla rokeilla
ablative rokilta rokeilta
allative rokille rokeille
essive rokina rokeina
translative rokiksi rokeiksi
abessive rokitta rokeitta
instructive rokein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of rok (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative rokini rokini
accusative nom. rokini rokini
gen. rokini
genitive rokini rokieni
partitive rokiani rokejani
inessive rokissani rokeissani
elative rokistani rokeistani
illative rokiini rokeihini
adessive rokillani rokeillani
ablative rokiltani rokeiltani
allative rokilleni rokeilleni
essive rokinani rokeinani
translative rokikseni rokeikseni
abessive rokittani rokeittani
instructive
comitative rokeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative rokisi rokisi
accusative nom. rokisi rokisi
gen. rokisi
genitive rokisi rokiesi
partitive rokiasi rokejasi
inessive rokissasi rokeissasi
elative rokistasi rokeistasi
illative rokiisi rokeihisi
adessive rokillasi rokeillasi
ablative rokiltasi rokeiltasi
allative rokillesi rokeillesi
essive rokinasi rokeinasi
translative rokiksesi rokeiksesi
abessive rokittasi rokeittasi
instructive
comitative rokeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative rokimme rokimme
accusative nom. rokimme rokimme
gen. rokimme
genitive rokimme rokiemme
partitive rokiamme rokejamme
inessive rokissamme rokeissamme
elative rokistamme rokeistamme
illative rokiimme rokeihimme
adessive rokillamme rokeillamme
ablative rokiltamme rokeiltamme
allative rokillemme rokeillemme
essive rokinamme rokeinamme
translative rokiksemme rokeiksemme
abessive rokittamme rokeittamme
instructive
comitative rokeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative rokinne rokinne
accusative nom. rokinne rokinne
gen. rokinne
genitive rokinne rokienne
partitive rokianne rokejanne
inessive rokissanne rokeissanne
elative rokistanne rokeistanne
illative rokiinne rokeihinne
adessive rokillanne rokeillanne
ablative rokiltanne rokeiltanne
allative rokillenne rokeillenne
essive rokinanne rokeinanne
translative rokiksenne rokeiksenne
abessive rokittanne rokeittanne
instructive
comitative rokeinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative rokinsa rokinsa
accusative nom. rokinsa rokinsa
gen. rokinsa
genitive rokinsa rokiensa
partitive rokiaan
rokiansa
rokejaan
rokejansa
inessive rokissaan
rokissansa
rokeissaan
rokeissansa
elative rokistaan
rokistansa
rokeistaan
rokeistansa
illative rokiinsa rokeihinsa
adessive rokillaan
rokillansa
rokeillaan
rokeillansa
ablative rokiltaan
rokiltansa
rokeiltaan
rokeiltansa
allative rokilleen
rokillensa
rokeilleen
rokeillensa
essive rokinaan
rokinansa
rokeinaan
rokeinansa
translative rokikseen
rokiksensa
rokeikseen
rokeiksensa
abessive rokittaan
rokittansa
rokeittaan
rokeittansa
instructive
comitative rokeineen
rokeinensa

Derived terms

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compounds

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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rok n (genitive singular roks, nominative plural rok)

  1. storm, whole gale

Declension

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    Declension of rok
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative rok rokið rok rokin
accusative rok rokið rok rokin
dative roki rokinu rokum rokunum
genitive roks roksins roka rokanna

Indonesian

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rok

Etymology 1

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From Dutch rok, from Middle Dutch roc, from Old Dutch rok, from Proto-Germanic *rukkaz.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈrɔk]
  • Hyphenation: rok

Noun

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rok

  1. skirt (clothing)
  2. full dress, white tie (formal clothing)
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From English rock.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈrɔk]
  • Hyphenation: rok

Noun

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rok

  1. (music) rock, a style of music characterized by basic drum-beat, generally 4/4 riffs, based on (usually electric) guitar, bass guitar, drums and vocals.

Further reading

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Kashubian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rokъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈrɔk/
  • Rhymes: -ɔk
  • Syllabification: rok

Noun

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rok m inan

  1. year (calendar year)
  2. year (group of people belonging to the same calendar year of typically educational events)

Declension

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Further reading

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  • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “rok”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 182
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “rok”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2], volume 2, page 815
  • rok”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Latvian

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Verb

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rok

  1. third-person singular/plural present indicative of rakt
  2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of rakt
  3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of rakt

Livonian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *rokka, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *rokka. Cognates include Finnish rokka.

Noun

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rok

  1. soup

Maranao

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Noun

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rok

  1. soul
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  • roh (spirit)

References

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Noun

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rok n (definite singular roket, indefinite plural rok, definite plural roka or rokene)

  1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by rokk

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Noun

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rok n (definite singular roket, indefinite plural rok, definite plural roka)

  1. alternative spelling of rokk

Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rokъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rok m inan

  1. year

Declension

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Descendants

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References

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Old Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rokъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /rɔk/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /rɔk/

Noun

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rok m inan

  1. year
  2. deadline
  3. (law) date of a court case; or the court case itself
  4. court summons

Declension

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This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

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adjective
adverb
nouns
verb

Descendants

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References

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  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “rok”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Old Saxon

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *rauki, from Proto-Germanic *raukiz, whence also Old English rēc, Old Frisian rēk, Old Dutch rouc, Old High German rouh, Old Norse reykr.

Noun

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rōk m

  1. smoke

Descendants

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Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish rok.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rok m inan (diminutive roczek)

  1. year (solar year)
  2. (by extension, astronomy) year (time it takes for any planet to orbit its star)
  3. year (calendar year)
  4. year (scheduled part of a calendar year spent in a specific activity)
  5. year (group of people belonging to the same calendar year of typically educational events)
  6. (obsolete, law) court case
  7. (obsolete) engagement, betrothal
  8. (Middle Polish) indiscriminate length of time
  9. (Middle Polish) age of a being
    Synonym: wiek
  10. (Middle Polish) agreed upon length of time for work or employment
  11. (Middle Polish) time set aside for performing a task

Declension

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Declension

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Derived terms

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adjectives
adverbs
interjection
nouns
verbs
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verb

Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), rok is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 209 times in scientific texts, 413 times in news, 297 times in essays, 53 times in fiction, and 53 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1025 times, making it the 28th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

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  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “rok”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 496

Further reading

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  • rok in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • rok in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “rok”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • ROK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 06.10.2016
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “rok”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “rok”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1912), “rok”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw, page 555
  • rok in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Serbo-Croatian

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Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sh

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rokъ.

Noun

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rȍk m (Cyrillic spelling ро̏к)

  1. deadline
  2. term, date (period during which something ought to be performed or completed)
Declension
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Further reading

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  • rok” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from English rock.

Noun

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rȍk m (Cyrillic spelling ро̏к)

  1. (uninflected) rock and roll

Further reading

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  • rok” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Silesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish rok.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈrɔk/
  • Rhymes: -ɔk
  • Syllabification: rok

Noun

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rok m inan

  1. year (calendar year)

Further reading

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  • rok in dykcjonorz.eu
  • rok in silling.org

Slovak

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Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rokъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rok m inan (genitive singular roka, roku, nominative plural roky, genitive plural rokov, declension pattern of dub)

  1. year
    Nový rokNew Year's Day
    roku Pánaanno Domini

Declension

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • rok”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

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Etymology 1

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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rok (rôk)

  1. genitive dual/plural of roka

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rokъ.

Noun

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rok (rók)

  1. deadline
  2. term, date (period during which something ought to be performed or completed)

Further reading

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  • rok”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • rok”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references

Ternate

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Etymology

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From Dutch rok, possibly through Indonesian rok, from Middle Dutch roc, from Old Dutch rok, from Proto-Germanic *rukkaz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rok

  1. a skirt

References

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  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Veps

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *rokko. Cognates include Finnish rokko.

Noun

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rok

  1. pox (disease)
Declension
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Inflection of rok (inflection type 1/ilo)
nominative sing. rok
genitive sing. rokon
partitive sing. rokod
partitive plur. rokoid
singular plural
nominative rok rokod
accusative rokon rokod
genitive rokon rokoiden
partitive rokod rokoid
essive-instructive rokon rokoin
translative rokoks rokoikš
inessive rokos rokoiš
elative rokospäi rokoišpäi
illative rokoho rokoihe
adessive rokol rokoil
ablative rokolpäi rokoilpäi
allative rokole rokoile
abessive rokota rokoita
comitative rokonke rokoidenke
prolative rokodme rokoidme
approximative I rokonno rokoidenno
approximative II rokonnoks rokoidennoks
egressive rokonnopäi rokoidennopäi
terminative I rokohosai rokoihesai
terminative II rokolesai rokoilesai
terminative III rokossai
additive I rokohopäi rokoihepäi
additive II rokolepäi rokoilepäi

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Finnic *rokka.

Noun

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rok

  1. pea soup, split pea soup
Declension
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Inflection of rok (inflection type 6/kuva)
nominative sing. rok
genitive sing. rokan
partitive sing. rokad
partitive plur. rokid
singular plural
nominative rok rokad
accusative rokan rokad
genitive rokan rokiden
partitive rokad rokid
essive-instructive rokan rokin
translative rokaks rokikš
inessive rokas rokiš
elative rokaspäi rokišpäi
illative rokaha rokihe
adessive rokal rokil
ablative rokalpäi rokilpäi
allative rokale rokile
abessive rokata rokita
comitative rokanke rokidenke
prolative rokadme rokidme
approximative I rokanno rokidenno
approximative II rokannoks rokidennoks
egressive rokannopäi rokidennopäi
terminative I rokahasai rokihesai
terminative II rokalesai rokilesai
terminative III rokassai
additive I rokahapäi rokihepäi
additive II rokalepäi rokilepäi