Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gel-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gel-

1. to be cold, to freeze

Alternative reconstructions

• *ǵel-

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel- (50 c, 0 e)

• *gól-e-ti (o-grade root present)
  • Proto-Germanic: *kalaną (“to be cold”) (see there for further descendants)

• *gél-mō ~ *gl-m̥n-és
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gélmō
    • Lithuanian: gelumà
    • →? Proto-Finno-Permic: *külmä (see there for further descendants)

• *gél-u-s ~ *gl-éw-s
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: gelus m, gelū n (“frost”), gelidus (“icy, frosty”) (see there for further descendants)

• *gol-tó-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *kaldaz (“cold”) (see there for further descendants)

• *gól-i-s ~ gl-éy-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *kaliz (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

• Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  • Proto-Slavic: *golotь
    • Old Church Slavonic: голоть (golotĭ)
  • >? Proto-Slavic: *xȏldъ
• Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  • Sanskrit: जल (jala), Sanskrit: जड (jaḍa)
• Proto-Hellenic:
  • >? Ancient Greek: γελανδρόν (gelandrón)