Baldrian

See also: baldrián and baldrian

German

Etymology

From Middle High German baldriān (also: waldriān), from Old High German baldriān. Compare Middle Low German boldriān.

(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Seemingly together with Hungarian bojtorján (“burdock”) (√ *boltorján) loaned in the Dark Age period from the late 6^th to early 8^th century from Turkic or Proto-Mongolic, the Pannonian Avars being direct neighbours to the Germans, cognate to Turkish بالدران / baldıran (“hemlock”) which see for more Turkic cognates.

Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic, reflected as
Middle Mongol ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ (balčirɣan-a, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷ (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix ᠭᠠᠨᠠ (-ɣana),
Mongolian балчиргана (balčirgana, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as балчир (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix -гана (-gana)

Old High German had as another term for the valerian denemarka, denmarka, denemark, denimarka, in Middle High German denemarka, denemarcha, only retained in Alemannic German dialects, as tannenmark, tammarken etc.

The Medieval Latin valeriāna (“valerian”), from which the most widespread European names for the valerian derive, is most likely from German / Frankish, distorted after the verb valeō (“to be powerful”) or also the gentilic name Valerius – early enough to be calqued into Proto-Slavic *odolěnъ (“valerian”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaldriˌaːn/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Bal‧d‧ri‧an

Noun

Baldrian m (strong, genitive Baldrians, plural Baldriane)

1. valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

   Synonyms: Echter Baldrian, Großer Baldrian, Arzneibaldrian

2. valerian (Valeriana - Any plant of the genus Valeriana.)

Declension

Declension of Baldrian [masculine, strong]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	der	Baldrian	die	Baldriane
genitive	eines	des	Baldrians	der	Baldriane
dative	einem	dem	Baldrian	den	Baldrianen
accusative	einen	den	Baldrian	die	Baldriane

Hypernyms

• Geißblattgewächs
• Heilkraut

Hyponyms

• Kleiner Baldrian
• Knolliger Baldrian
• Echter Speik
• Dreiblättriger Baldrian
• Haselwurzblättriger Baldrian
• Hügel-Baldrian
• Berg-Baldrian
• Felsen-Baldrian
• Weidenblättriger Baldrian
• Zwerg-Baldrian

Related terms

• Baldrianextrakt, Baldriantinktur, Baldriantropfen, Baldrianwurzel

Descendants

• → Czech: baldrián
• → Russian: балдырья́н (baldyrʹján)
• → Slovak: baldrián
• → Slovene: báldrijan
• → Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: bandrija

  Upper Sorbian: baldrijan

Further reading

• “Baldrian” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “Baldrian” in Duden online
• Baldrian on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^de

Luxembourgish

Noun

Baldrian m (uncountable)

1. valerian

   Synonym: Baltes