Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-izô
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
Suffix
*-izô (adverb *-iz, superlative *-istaz)
- -er. Forms the comparative of certain adjectives.
Inflection
Declension of *-izô (an/īn-stem)
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *-izô | *-izaniz | *-izį̄ | *-izīniz | *-izô | *-izōnō |
| Accusative | *-izanų | *-izanunz | *-izīnų | *-izīnunz | *-izô | *-izōnō |
| Genitive | *-iziniz | *-izanǫ̂ | *-izīniz | *-izīnǫ̂ | *-iziniz | *-izanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *-izini | *-izammaz | *-izīni | *-izīmaz | *-izini | *-izammaz |
| Instrumental | *-izinē | *-izammiz | *-izīnē | *-izīmiz | *-izinē | *-izammiz |
Usage notes
This was the normal comparative suffix for all i-, u- and ja-stem adjectives. The regular a-stem adjectives sometimes used this suffix, and sometimes the related suffix *-ōzô without any predictable rule.
Derived terms
Descendants
- Old English: -ra
- English: -er
- Old Frisian: -era
- West Frisian: -er
- Old Saxon: -iro
- Old Dutch: *-iro, *-ero
- Old High German: -iro
- German: -er
- Old Norse: -ri
- Icelandic: -ri
- Faroese: -ri
- Norwegian: -re
- Swedish: -re
- Danish: -re
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- Gothic: -𐌹𐌶𐌰 (-iza)