Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-iz
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Proto-Germanic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix
[edit]*-iz (adjective *-izô)
- -er. Forms the comparative of certain adverbs.
Usage notes
[edit]This was the normal comparative suffix for all i-, u- and ja-stem adverbs. The regular a-stem adverbs sometimes used this suffix, and sometimes the related suffix *-ōz without any predictable rule.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Most of these descendants eventually replaced the suffix with the equivalent from the adjectives, because the older adverbial suffix was no longer distinctive after the loss of final *-iz.
- Old English: -
- English: -er
- Old Frisian: -
- West Frisian: -er
- Old Saxon: -
- Old Dutch: -
- Middle Dutch: -
- Dutch: -er
- Middle Dutch: -
- Old High German: -
- German: -er
- Old Norse: -r
- Gothic: -𐌹𐍃 (-is)
Etymology 2
[edit]Suffix
[edit]*-iz
- Forms vṛddhi gerundives from verbal roots.