Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wiljô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

Derived from *wiljaną (“to want”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwil.jɔːː/

Noun

*wiljô m

1. will, wish, desire

Inflection

Declension of *wiljô (an-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*wiljô	*wiljaniz
Vocative	*wiljô	*wiljaniz
Accusative	*wiljanų	*wiljanunz
Genitive	*wiliniz	*wiljanǫ̂
Dative	*wilini	*wiljammaz
Instrumental	*wilinē	*wiljammiz

Derived terms

• *wiljōną

Descendants

• Old English: willa
  • Middle English: wille
    • English: will
    • Scots: wil, will
• Old Frisian: willa, wella
  • North Frisian:

    Föhr-Amrum, Sylt: wel

    Mooring: wale

  • Saterland Frisian: wolle
  • West Frisian: wolle
• Old Saxon: willio
  • Middle Low German: wille
    • German Low German: Wille, Will
• Old Dutch: willo
  • Middle Dutch: wille
    • Dutch: wil
      • Afrikaans: wil
      • Negerhollands: wil, wille
    • Limburgish: wil
• Old High German: willo, willio
  • Middle Low German: wille
    • Cimbrian: bill
    • German: Wille
    • Luxembourgish: Wëllen
• Old Norse: (stem vilj-) vili
  • Icelandic: vilji m
  • Faroese: vilji m
  • Norwegian Bokmål: vilje m
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: vilje m, vile m (nonstandard, dialectal)
  • Jamtish: vili m
  • Elfdalian: wile m
  • Old Swedish: vili m, vilie m, vilia f
    • Swedish: vilja f, vilje
      • → Elfdalian: wila f
  • Old Danish: vilje, vilge, vilgie
    • Danish: vilje
  • Gutnish: vilä m
• Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (wilja)

References

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN