Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wulkną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Nominalized from Proto-Indo-European *wl̥g-nó-s, from *welg- (“wet, damp”) +‎ *-nós.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwulk.nɑ̃/

Noun

*wulkną n

1. cloud

   Synonyms: *himinaz, *melhmô, *mihstaz, *skiwją, *skiwô

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *wulkną (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*wulkną	*wulknō
vocative	*wulkną	*wulknō
accusative	*wulkną	*wulknō
genitive	*wulknas, *wulknis	*wulknǫ̂
dative	*wulknai	*wulknamaz
instrumental	*wulknō	*wulknamiz

Alternative reconstructions

• *wulkaną, *wulknaz

Related terms

• *welkaz
• *wulkô
• Proto-West Germanic *wulku f (“cloud”)
  • Saterland Frisian: Wulke
  • Old Dutch: wulko
    • Middle Dutch: wolke (see there for further descendants)
  • Old High German: wolka
    • Middle High German: wolke
      • Alemannic German: Wulche
      • German: Wolke
      • Luxembourgish: Wollek
      • Mòcheno: bolkh

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *wolkn
  • Old English: wolcn, weolcen, wolc, wolcen
    • Middle English: welken (from plural wolcnu)
      • English: welkin
    • Scots: walk, wak (from wolc)
  • Old Frisian: wolken, wulken, ulken
    • North Frisian: wolk
    • West Frisian: wolken, wolke, wolk
  • Old Saxon: wolkan, wolcan
    • Middle Low German: wolken, wulken
  • Old Dutch: uulcun, wulkon
    • Middle Dutch: wolken
  • Old High German: wolkan, wolcan
    • Middle High German: wolken, wulken n or f or m
      • Bavarian: Woikn, Wolkn
      • Yiddish: וואָלקן (volkn⁩)