Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰeh₁bʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰebʰ-

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gʰeh₁bʰ- or *ǵʰeh₁bʰ-

1. to grab, take

Derived terms

• *gʰéh₁bʰ- ~ *gʰh̥₁bʰ- (aorist)
  • Proto-Italic: *hēpai
    • Oscan:

      hipid (3.sg.perf.subj.), hipust (3.sg.fut.perf.)

      pruhipid (3.sg.perf.subj.), pruhipust (“to prevent”, 3.sg.fut.perf.)

• *gʰh̥₁bʰ-éh₁ye- (*-éh₁ye-stative)
  • Proto-Italic: *habēō or *haβēō
    • Latin: habeō (see there for further descendants)
    • Umbrian:

      𐌇𐌀𐌁𐌉𐌀 (habia, 3.sg.pres.subj.), 𐌇𐌀𐌁𐌄𐌕𐌖 (habetu), habitu (3.sg.ipv.II), 𐌇𐌀𐌁𐌄𐌕𐌖𐌕𐌖 (habetutu), habituto (3.pl.ipv.II), habiest (3.sg.fut.), habus (3.sg.fut.perf.). habuerent (3.pl.fut.perf.), 𐌇𐌀𐌁𐌄 (habe), habe (“to have, hold”, 3.sg.pr.act/pass.)

      (+ negation and ař-) 𐌍𐌄𐌉𐌛𐌇𐌀𐌁𐌀𐌔 (neiřhabas, pres.subj.)

      (+ pre-) 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌇𐌀𐌁𐌉𐌀 (prehabia), 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌇𐌖𐌁𐌉𐌀 (prehubia, “to furnish, achieve”, 3.sg.pres.subj.)

      (suffixless imperatives) 𐌇𐌀𐌇𐌕𐌖 (hahtu), 𐌇𐌀𐌕𐌖 (hatu), hatu (3.sg.ipv.II), 𐌇𐌀𐌕𐌖𐌕𐌖 (hatutu), hatuto (“to grab”, 3.pl.ipv.II)

• *gʰh̥₁bʰ-yé- (*-yé-present)
  • Proto-Celtic: *gabyeti, *gab-yeti
    • Proto-Brythonic: *gabal-
      • Old Breton: gabael
      • Old Cornish: gauael
        • Cornish: gavel
      • Old Welsh: adgabael, ad-gabael
        • Middle Welsh: caffael, keiff (3.sg.pres.), cauas (pret.)
          • Welsh: gafael
    • Continental:
      • Celtiberian: gabizeti (3.sg)
      • Gaulish: gabi (2.sg.impv.), Gabiae
    • Goidelic:
      • Old Irish: gaibid
        • Irish: gabh
        • Scottish Gaelic: gabh
  • Proto-Italic: *habiō or *haβiō
    • Oscan: haieist (3.sg.fut.)
• *gʰh̥₁bʰ-leh₂
  • Proto-Celtic: *gablā (“fork”) (see there for further descendants)