Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eǵ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂eǵ- (imperfective)

1. to drive

Derived terms

• *h₂éǵ-e-ti (thematic root present)
• *h₂eǵ-dʰlo-
  • Proto-Italic: *agdlom
    • Latin: coāgulum, (co)āgulum
• *h₂éǵ-mn̥ ~ *h₂ǵ-mén-s
  • Hellenic:
    • Aeolic Greek: ἄχματα (ákhmata)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *áȷ́ma
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *áȷ́ma
      • Sanskrit: अज्मन् (ájman)
  • Proto-Italic: *agmən
    • Latin: agmen, (ex)āmen
• *h₂óǵ-mo-s (“drive, path”)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *óǵmos
    • Ancient Greek: ὄγμος (ógmos)
• *h₂(e)ǵ-ó-s
  • Proto-Hellenic: *agós
    • Ancient Greek: ἀγός (agós)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Haȷ́ás (see there for further descendants)
• *h₂éǵ-ro-s (“field, pasturage”)
• *h₂eǵ-ro- (“hunt, slaughter”)
  • Proto-Celtic: *agrom (“slaughter, battle”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἄγρα (ágra, “hunt”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • ⇒ Avestan: 𐬀𐬰𐬭𐬋𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬍 (azrōdaⁱδī, “hunt”)
• *h₂eḱs- (“axis”)
• *h₂ǵ-es- (post-PIE)
  • Proto-Italic: *gezō
    • Latin: gerō
• *h₂ǵ-tó-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *ambaxtos
    • Proto-Brythonic: *ammaɨθ
      • Middle Welsh: amaeth
    • Gaulish: ambaxtos
      • → Latin: ambactus (see there for further descendants)
      • → Germanic: *ambahtaz
  • Proto-Hellenic: *aktós
    • Ancient Greek: ἐπακτός (epaktós)
  • Proto-Italic: *aktos
    • Latin: āctus
• *h₂éǵ-tōr ~ *h₂ǵ-trés
  • Proto-Hellenic: *áktōr
    • Ancient Greek: ἄκτωρ (áktōr)
  • Proto-Italic: *aktōr
    • Latin: actor
• *h₂éǵ-tr-eh₂
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HáštraH (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Iranian:
    • Classical Persian: آژیانه (āžiyāna, “the marbled field or ground”)
    • Classical Persian: آژینه (āžīna, “the iron tool which releated to axile”)
    • Zazaki: hêga (hēgā, “ground, earth”) (maybe from un-iranian roots)
  • Tocharian:
    • Tocharian B: āk
  • Proto-Tocharian: *ekäñye-
    • Tocharian A: akäṃtsune
    • Tocharian B: ekaññi

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂eg̑-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 255f
• Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*h₂eg̑-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 267-277