Jump to content

coagulum

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from Latin coagulum.

Noun

[edit]

coagulum (plural coagulums or coagula)

  1. A mass of coagulated material; a clot or curd

Translations

[edit]

French

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /kɔ.a.ɡy.lɔm/
  • Audio (France (Vosges)):(file)

Noun

[edit]

coagulum m (plural coagulums)

  1. coagulum

Further reading

[edit]

Latin

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]
  • quaglum (rare, Late or Vulgar Latin)

Etymology

[edit]

    Equivalent to cōgō (“gather together”) +‎ -ulum (instrument noun suffix); the verb base in turn is equivalent to con- (“together”) +‎ agō (“push, drive”), with the latter from the root *h₂eǵ-. The etymological origin of the suffix and of the lengthened vowel -ā- in the base is disputed; see -ulum and -ula.

    • One hypothesis derives the suffix from *-dʰlom and assumes *-ǵ-dʰlo- underwent regular cluster simplification with compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel; thus, Sihler 1995 reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-dʰlo-.[1]
    • De Vaan 2008 suggests alternatively that the long ā here and in ambāgēs could be analogical in origin, ultimately influenced by formations such as prōpāgēs and contāgēs (which may regularly continue the full-grade of *peh₂ǵ- and *teh₂g-, respectively).[2]
    • Sen 2015 argues that the instrumental ending -ulum is more likely from the neuter of the suffix -ulus (found in some agent nouns, such as figulus (“potter”)) from Proto-Italic *-elos.[3]
    • Nielsen 2004 considers it unlikely that instrument -ulum/-ula goes back to either *-dʰlom or agentive *-(e)lo-, and proposes it developed from *-tlom (> Proto-Italic *-klom), which caused the vowel of the preceding syllable to be lengthened by Lachmann's Law. Afterwards, voiced /ɡ/ was reintroduced either by analogy to the base verbs, or by a conditioned sound change that turned /k.l/ across morpheme boundaries to /ɡl/ after a long vowel. Accordingly, Nielsen reconstructs pre-Latin *kom-ag-klo-.[4]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    coāgulum n (genitive coāgulī); second declension

    1. tie, bond, binding agent
    2. curd
    3. rennet
    4. thickening, congealing

    Declension

    [edit]

    Second-declension noun (neuter).

    singular plural
    nominative coāgulum coāgula
    genitive coāgulī coāgulōrum
    dative coāgulō coāgulīs
    accusative coāgulum coāgula
    ablative coāgulō coāgulīs
    vocative coāgulum coāgula

    Derived terms

    [edit]

    Descendants

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 77
    2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “agō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 30-31
    3. ^ Ranjan Sen (2015), Syllable and Segment in Latin, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 131-132, 152-153
    4. ^ Nielsen, Benedicte (2004), “On Latin instrument-nouns in */-lo-/”, in James Clackson and Birgit Anette Olsen, editors, Indo-European Word Formation (Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European; 2), Museum Tusculanum Press, pages 189-213

    Further reading

    [edit]
    • “coagulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “coagulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “coagulum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=coagulum&oldid=91940142"