Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kes-

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*kes-[1][2]

  1. to scrape, comb

Extensions

  • *ks-dʰh₁-[1]
    • *kés-dʰh₁-eh₂[3]
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.[3] (see there for further descendants)
    • *kos-dʰh₁-ós[3]
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.[3] (see there for further descendants)

Derived terms

Template:PIE root see

  • *kés-ti ~ *ks-énti (athematic root present)[2][3][4]
    • Proto-Anatolian:
  • *ks-néw-ti ~ *ks-nw-énti (*néw-present)[1][5][6] (see there for further descendants)
  • *kes-/*kos-yé-ti (yé-fientive)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: kàsti
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.[7] (see there for further descendants)
  • *kos-éye-ti (*éye-causative)[3]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
  • *kés-r̥ ~ *ks-én-s
  • (possibly) *kes-ró-m
    • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=. (see there for further descendants)
  • *kés-s ~ *ks-és
    • *kses- (reanalysed root)[1]
      • *ksés-ti (athematic present)[1][10]
        • Proto-Hellenic: *kséhō
          • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
  • *kés-u-s ~ *ks-éw-s
  • *kos-éh₂[3]
    • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.[11]
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kasā́ˀ[12]
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=. (see there for further descendants)
    • *kos-eh₂-yé-ti ~ *kos-eh₂-yónti[2]
  • *kós-mo-s[14]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *kosmъ[14] (see there for further descendants)
  • (possibly)[15] *kos-ó-s
    • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.[15]
      • Albanian: ka
Unsorted formations
  • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 290: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=. (possibly < *kēsrā < *kexsrā < *ke-ks-réh₂)[16]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “kes-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 585
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*kes-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 357
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hezdōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 225
  4. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “kiš-zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 557-558
  5. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “novācula”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 414-415
  6. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*snawwa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 461
  7. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “kasti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 231
  8. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “ks-en-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 585
  9. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ksen-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 371
  10. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ξέω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1035
  11. ^ The template Template:R:sq:Orel:2000 does not use the parameter(s):
    head=*kaxā
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
    Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 61
  12. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “kasa”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 230-231
  13. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “kasyti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 231
  14. 14.0 14.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kosmъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 238-239
  15. 15.0 15.1 The template Template:R:sq:Orel:2000 does not use the parameter(s):
    head=*kaxa
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
    Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian[2], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 61
  16. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kīsrā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 204