Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gordъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gardas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰordʰ-os, from *gʰerdʰ-.

Noun

*gȏrdъ m

1. fortification, castle
2. town, city

Inflection

Declension of *gȏrdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gȏrdъ	*gȏrda	*gȏrdi
genitive	*gȏrda	*gordù	*gõrdъ
dative	*gȏrdu	*gordomà	*gordòmъ
accusative	*gȏrdъ	*gȏrda	*gȏrdy
instrumental	*gȏrdъmь, *gȏrdomь*	*gordomà	*gordý
locative	*gȏrdě	*gordù	*gordě̃xъ
vocative	*gorde	*gȏrda	*gȏrdi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

Derived terms (39)

• *Bělъgordъ
• *gordica
• *gordina
• *gordišče
• *gorďanъ / *gorďaninъ
• *gorďь / *gorďa (“fence”)
• *gordьcь
• *gordьnъ
• *gordьskъ
• *Novъgordъ / *Novogordъ
• *Zvьnigordъ (“(fortified) town, city with alarm”)

• *gorditi
  • *gordežь
  • *gordьba
  • *Gordislavъ
  • *jьzgorda
  • *nagorditi
    • *nagorda
      • *nagordъkъ
      • *nagordьnъ
        • *nagordьnja
  • *ogorditi
    • *ogorďenьje / *ogordenьje
    • *ogordъ / *ogorda / *ogordь
      • *ogordica / *ogordъka
      • *ogordina
      • *ogordišče
      • *ogorďa / *ogorďь
      • *ogordъkъ / *ogordьcь
      • *ogordьje
      • *ogordьnъ / *ogordьnь
        • *ogordьnica
        • *ogordьnikъ
  • *orzgorditi
    • *orzgorda / *orzgordъ / *orzgordь
    • *orzgorďa
  • *otъgorditi
    • *otъgorda / *otъgordъ
    • *otъgorďati / *otъgordati

Related terms

• *zerdmę
• *zordъ
• *žьrdь

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: городъ (gorodŭ)
    • Belarusian: го́рад (hórad)
    • Russian: го́род (górod)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: город (horod)
    • Ukrainian: го́род (hórod)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: градъ (gradŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏ (gradŭ)

    • → Russian: град (grad)
  • Bulgarian: град (grad)
  • Macedonian: град (grad)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: гра̑д

    Latin script: grȃd

    • Slavomolisano: grad
  • Slovene: grȃd (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: hrad
  • Kashubian: gard
  • Polabian: gord
  • Polish: gród
  • Slovak: hrad
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: grod
    • Upper Sorbian: hród
• → Romanian: gard

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “город”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gordъ / *gorda / *gordь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 07 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 37