Reconstruction:Proto-Cariban/ôrô

This Proto-Cariban entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Cariban

Alternative forms

• *tjôrô

Etymology

Perhaps from an earlier *(tj)ô +‎ *rô (emphatic particle).

Pronoun

*ôrô

1. the inanimate proximal demonstrative pronoun; this, these

Inflection

Proto-Cariban demonstratives

category	inanimate pronoun	animate pronoun
		non-collective	collective
proximal	*(tj)ôrô, *(tj)ônɨ	*môtjô	*môtjamo
medial	*môrô	—	—
distal	*mônɨ	*môkɨ	*môkjamo
anaphoric	*irô	*inôrô	*injamo

Descendants

• Guianan:
  • Apalaí: sero
  • Kari'na: ero
  • Proto-Taranoan: *erə, *ərə, *cerə, *cərə
    • Akurio: tyerë
    • Carijona: ërë
    • Trió: serë
  • Wayana: helë, selë
• Kuikuroan:
  • Kuikúro: ige
• Parukotoan:
  • Kaxuyana: soro
  • Waiwai: ero
• Pekodian:
  • Bakairí: xirâ
  • Pará Arára: ero
• Venezuelan Cariban:
  • Panare: sïj, sï
  • Pemongan:
    • Akawaio: serö, sörö
    • ⇒ Macushi: sîrîrî
    • Pemon: serö, sörö, sere
• Ye'kwana: edö

References

• Meira, Sérgio (2002) “A first comparison of pronominal and demonstrative systems in the Cariban language family”, in Mily Crevels, Simon van de Kerke, Sergio Meira and Hein van der Voort, editors, Current Studies on South American Languages‎^[1], Leiden: Research School of Asian, African, and American Studies (CNWS), Leiden University, →ISBN, pages 255–275
• Meira, Sérgio, Bruna Franchetto (2005) “The southern Cariban languages and the Cariban family”, in International Journal of American Linguistics, volume 71, pages 127–192
• Florian Matter, editor (2021), “*(tj)ərə”, in Comparative Cariban Database‎^[2], Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, retrieved 2024-01-17
• Meira, Sérgio (1998) A Reconstruction of Proto-Taranoan: Phonology and Inflectional Morphology‎^[3], Houston: Rice University, page 186
• Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎^[4], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 267
• Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “edö”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎^[5], Lyon, pages 122, 437