Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/biggos
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain. Matasović, assuming a reconstruction *bekkos, derives this from Proto-Indo-European *bʰég-ko-s, from *bʰeg- (“to break”) + *-kos.[1] Stifter and Hayden, in addition to Jørgensen, have since proposed *biggos.[2][3]
Adjective
[edit]*biggos
Usage notes
[edit]- This adjective is not attested in Gaulish, despite its very basic meaning; derivatives of *legus appear in its place.
- No regular comparative and superlative forms of this adjective exist in Insular Celtic. Instead, *lagyūs and *lagisamos (which originally belonged to the synonym *legus) are used.
Inflection
[edit]| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *biggos | *biggou | *biggoi |
| vocative | *bigge | *biggou | *biggoi |
| accusative | *biggom | *biggou | *biggons |
| genitive | *biggī | *biggous | *biggom |
| dative | *biggūi | *biggobom | *biggobos |
| instrumental | *biggū | *biggobim | *biggobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *biggā | *biggai | *biggās |
| vocative | *biggā | *biggai | *biggās |
| accusative | *biggam | *biggai | *biggans |
| genitive | *biggās | *biggous | *biggom |
| dative | *biggai | *biggābom | *biggābos |
| instrumental | *? | *biggābim | *biggābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *biggom | *biggou | *biggā |
| vocative | *biggom | *biggou | *biggā |
| accusative | *biggom | *biggou | *biggā |
| genitive | *biggī | *biggous | *biggom |
| dative | *biggūi | *biggobom | *biggobos |
| instrumental | *biggū | *biggobim | *biggobis |
Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Antonyms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Brythonic: *bɨx
- Old Irish: bec, becc
- Uncertain:
- →? Vulgar Latin: *pittus, *piccus (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*bekko-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 60
- ^ Hayden, Deborah; Stifter, David (2022), “The lexicography and etymology of OIr. eclas”, in North American journal of Celtic studies, volume 6, number 2, Project Muse, , →ISSN, pages 236–250
- ^ Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2022), “Celtic”, in The Indo-European Language Family, Cambridge University Press, , →ISBN, pages 135–151
- ^ Martínez Estévez, Higinio (1996), Ensayo de gramática del céltico antiguo común (in Spanish), Buenos Aires, page 48
Further reading
[edit]- Henry, Victor (1900), “bihan”, in Lexique étymologique des termes les plus usuels du breton moderne (Bibliothèque bretonne armoricaine; III) (in French), Rennes: J. Plihon et L. Hervé, page 35