Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/buggos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend”). If so, cognate with Proto-Germanic *beuganą (“to bend”), Sanskrit भुजति (bhujati, “to bend”). Matasović considers this dubious due to the unexpected gemination.

Adjective

*buggos^[1]^[2]

soft, tender

Inflection

O/ā-stem
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*buggos	*buggou	*buggoi
vocative	*bugge	*buggou	*buggoi
accusative	*buggom	*buggou	*buggoms
genitive	*buggī	*buggous	*buggom
dative	*buggūi	*buggobom	*buggobos
instrumental	*buggū	*buggobim	*buggobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*buggā	*buggai	*buggās
vocative	*buggā	*buggai	*buggās
accusative	*buggam	*buggai	*buggams
genitive	*buggās	*buggous	*buggom
dative	*buggai	*buggābom	*buggābos
instrumental	*?	*buggābim	*buggābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*buggom	*buggou	*buggā
vocative	*buggom	*buggou	*buggā
accusative	*buggom	*buggou	*buggā
genitive	*buggī	*buggous	*buggom
dative	*buggūi	*buggobom	*buggobos
instrumental	*buggū	*buggobim	*buggobis

Declension of the comparative
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*buggyūs	*?	*buggyoses
vocative	*buggyūs	*?	*buggyoses
accusative	*buggyosam	*?	*buggyosams
genitive	*buggisos	*?	*buggisom
dative	*buggisei	*?	*buggisbos
instrumental	*buggisī	*?	*buggisbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*buggyūs	*?	*buggyoses
vocative	*buggyūs	*?	*buggyoses
accusative	*buggyosam	*?	*buggyosams
genitive	*buggisos	*?	*buggisom
dative	*buggisei	*?	*buggisbos
instrumental	*buggisī	*?	*buggisbis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*buggis	*?	*?
vocative	*buggis	*?	*?
accusative	*buggis	*?	*?
genitive	*buggisos	*?	*buggisom
dative	*buggisei	*?	*buggisbos
instrumental	*buggisī	*?	*buggisbis

Descendants

Middle Irish: boc
- Irish: bog
→ Old Breton: buc
- Middle Breton: boug
  - Breton: bouk, boug^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2022 September 22) “Celtic”, in The Indo-European Language Family, Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 135–151
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*buggo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 82

[Jørgensen_2022-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2022 September 22) “Celtic”, in The Indo-European Language Family, Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 135–151

[2] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*buggo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 82

[1]

[2]