Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/rāmyos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to row”), whence also the verb *rāyeti. The "oar" sense was the original meaning.

Noun

*rāmyos m^[1]^[2]

oar
spade, shovel

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rāmyos	*rāmyou	*rāmyoi
vocative	*rāmye	*rāmyou	*rāmyoi
accusative	*rāmyom	*rāmyou	*rāmyons
genitive	*rāmyī	*rāmyous	*rāmyom
dative	*rāmyūi	*rāmyobom	*rāmyobos
locative	*rāmyei	*?	*?
instrumental	*rāmyū	*rāmyobim	*rāmyūis

Alternative reconstructions

*rāsmiyos^[3]

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *rrọβ̃
- Middle Breton: reuf
  - Breton: reuñv
- Middle Cornish: rêv
  - Cornish: reuv
- Middle Welsh: raw
  - Welsh: rhaw
Old Irish: rámae
- Middle Irish: ráma
  - Irish: rámh, rámha
  - Manx: raue
  - Scottish Gaelic: ràmh

References

^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995), Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 185-186
^ Stifter, David (2023), “With the Back to the Ocean: The Celtic Maritime Vocabulary”, in Kristian Kristiansen, Guus Kroonen and Eske Willerslev, editors, The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited, Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 172–192
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*rāsmiyo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 306

[1] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995), Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 185-186

[Stifter_2023-2] Stifter, David (2023), “With the Back to the Ocean: The Celtic Maritime Vocabulary”, in Kristian Kristiansen, Guus Kroonen and Eske Willerslev, editors, The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited, Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 172–192

[3] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*rāsmiyo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 306

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