Reconstruction:Proto-Dravidian/ir-

This Proto-Dravidian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Dravidian

Proto-Dravidian numbers ^(edit)

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Cardinal: *ir-     Adjectival: *iru

Alternative forms

• *īr, *irV

Numeral

*ir-

1. two

Derived terms

• Central:
  • Duruwa: इर्डु
  • Kolami: ऎरण्डि (eraṇḍi)
  • Southeastern Kolami: ऎरण्डि (eraṇḍi)
• North:
  • Kurukh: एँड़ (ẽṛ), एंड (eṇḍ), एंड़ (ẽṛ)
• Southern: *ir-aṇ-ṭu
  • Southern I:
    • Kannada: ಎರಡು (eraḍu)
    • Tamil-Kodagu:
      • Irula: ரெண்டு (reṇṭu), ரண்டு (raṇṭu), ரண்டெ (raṇṭe)
      • Kodava: ದಂಡು (daṇḍu)
      • Tamil-Malayalam:
        • Kurichiya: അണ്ടു (aṇṭu)
        • Malavedan: രേടു (rēṭu)
        • Malayalam: രണ്ട് (raṇṭŭ)
        • Tamil: இரண்டு (iraṇṭu)
          • Spoken Tamil: ரெண்டு (reṇṭu)
      • Toda: [script needed] (e·ḍ)
    • Tulu: ಎರಡ್ (eraḍŭ), ಇರಡ್ (iraḍŭ), ರಡ್ಡ್ (raḍḍŭ)
  • Southern II:
    • Telugu: రెండు (reṇḍu)
    • Gondi: रोंडु, रंड, रंडु, रंटे
    • Konda-Dora: రుండి (ruṇḍi)
    • Kuvi: ରାଇ (rai), ରିଣ୍ଡି (riṇḍi)

• *ir-aṇ-ṭṭ-ay
  • Malayalam: ഇരട്ട (iraṭṭa)
  • Tamil: இரட்டை (iraṭṭai, “pair, twin”)
  • Telugu: రెట్ట (reṭṭa)

• *ir-aṇ-ṭṭ-u
  • Tamil: இரட்டு (iraṭṭu)

• *ir-aṇ-ṭṭ-i
  • Malayalam: ഇരട്ടി (iraṭṭi), ഇരട്ടിക്കുക (iraṭṭikkuka)
  • Tamil: இரட்டி (iraṭṭi)
  • Telugu: రెట్టి (reṭṭi), రెట్టించు (reṭṭiñcu)
  • Toda: [script needed] (i·ṭy)

• *ir-u
  • South Dravidian I:
    • Malayalam: ഇരു (iru)
    • Tamil: இரு (iru, “twice, double”)
  • South Dravidian II:
    • Kui-Manda:
      • Kui (India): ରୀ (rī)
      • Kuvi: ରୀ (rī)
      • Manda (India): ରି (ri)
      • Pengo: ରି (ri)
    • Telugu: ఇరు (iru)

• *ir-u-may
  • Kannada: ಇಮ್ಮೆ (imme)
  • Kodava: ಇಮ್ಮ (imma), ಇರ್ಮೆ (irme)
  • Malayalam: ഇരുമ (iruma)
  • Tamil: இருமை (irumai, “twice, double”)

• *iru-war
  • Kumarbhag Paharia: इव्र, इव्रेस्ति
  • Kurukh: इर्ब (irb), इर्बर (irbar), इर्बरिम (irbarim)
  • South Dravidian:
    • Kannada: ಇಬ್ಬರು (ibbaru)
    • Kodava: ಇಬ್ಬ (ibba)
    • Malayalam: ഇരുവർ (iruvaṟ)
    • Tamil: இருவர் (iruvar)
    • Telugu: ఇబ్బరు (ibbaru)
  • → Nihali: इरर, इर

• *īr
  • Malayalam: ഈർ- (īṟ-)
  • Tamil: ஈர் (īr)

Unsorted forms

• Brahui: اِرَٹ (iraṭ), اِرَا (irā)
• Malayalam: രണ്ടാം (raṇṭāṁ)
• Kolami: इन्दिङ् (indiṅ)
• Southeastern Kolami: इन्दिङ् (indiṅ)
• Tamil: இரணை (iraṇai)
• Telugu: రెండవ (reṇḍava), రెంచ (reñca), రెండ (reṇḍa)
• Toda: [script needed] (ï·štyu·)

See also

• Appendix:Cognate sets for Dravidian languages

References

• Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003), The Dravidian Languages (Cambridge Language Surveys), Cambridge University Press, →ISBN.
• Burrow, T.; Emeneau, M. B. (1984), “iraṇṭu”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
• S. Nair, Ravi Shankar (2013), Tribal Languages of Kerala‎^[1], Language in India