Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/karkëda

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *karketa, akin to Komi курыд (kuryd, “bitter”), Udmurt курыт (kuryt, “bitter”). Derivation as *karvas (“bitter”) +‎ *-këda may also be possible.

Adjective

*karkëda

1. harsh
2. coarse, rough (of texture)
3. bitter, sharp (of taste)

Synonyms

• (coarse, rough): *karhëda
• (bitter): *kackëra, *karvas, *kirpedä

Descendants

• Estonian: karge
• Finnish: karkea
• Ingrian: karkia
• Karelian: karkie, kargie
• Livvi: kargei
• Ludian: karged
• Veps: karged
• Votic: karka
• → Proto-Samic: *kārkkë
  • Northern Sami: gárkkis
  • Skolt Sami: [Term?] (kar̀ʿkkɐ̑ᴅ)
  • Akkala Sami: [script needed] (kark̄eđ)
  • Kildin Sami: коа̄ҏҏкэ (kåår̥r̥ke) (obsolete)
  • Ter Sami: [Term?] (kārhki̊ᵢt)

References

• “karge”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN