Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/badją

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰodʰh₂-yó-m (“ditch, grave”), from *bʰedʰh₂- (“to dig, burrow; to pierce, stab”) +‎ *-yóm, or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₁-tó-s (“warm”), from *bʰeh₁- (“to warm”) +‎ *-tós, whence *baþą (“bath”), Dutch betten (“to warm up”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑð.jɑ̃/

Noun

*badją n

1. dugout plot of ground, grave
2. bed
3. bedding

Inflection

neuter ja-stemDeclension of *badją (neuter ja-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*badją	*badjō
vocative	*badją	*badjō
accusative	*badją	*badjō
genitive	*badjas, *badis	*badjǫ̂
dative	*badjai	*badjamaz
instrumental	*badjō	*badjamiz

Derived terms

• *badjô, *gabadjô
• *badjǭ, *gabadjǭ

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *badi
  • Old English: bedd, bed, bædd
    • Middle English: bedde, bed
      • English: bed
      • Scots: bede, bed
  • Old Frisian: bedd
    • North Frisian:

      Föhr-Amrum: baad

      Helgoland: Baad

      Mooring: beed

    • Saterland Frisian: Bääd
    • West Frisian: bêd
  • Old Saxon: bed, bedd, beddi
    • Middle Low German: bedde
      • Low German: Bett
        • Dutch Low Saxon: bedde
        • German Low German: Bedd
          • Plautdietsch: Bad, Bed
      • → Icelandic: beddi
  • Old Dutch: beddi
    • Middle Dutch: bedde
      • Dutch: bed
        • Afrikaans: bed
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: bedi
        • Negerhollands: bet, bedi, bere, bedde
          • → Virgin Islands Creole: bedi (archaic)
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: bede
        • → Caribbean Javanese: bèt
        • →? Mohegan-Pequot: beed
        • → Papiamentu: bèt, bèchi, bèrchi, bed
        • → Saramaccan: bédi
        • →? Sranan Tongo: bedi
          • → Caribbean Hindustani: bedi
          • → Caribbean Javanese: bèḍi
          • → Kari'na: bedi
      • Limburgish: bèd
      • → French: bedde (“matress”) (dialectal)
  • Old High German: betti, beti
    • Middle High German: bette, bete, bet
      • Alemannic German: Bett

        Swabian: Bedd

      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: pett

      • German: Bett (“bed”), Beet (“flowerbed”)
        • → Danish: bed
          • Norwegian Bokmål: bed
      • Luxembourgish: Bett
      • Rhine Franconian:

        Pennsylvania German: Bett

      • Vilamovian: bet
• Old Norse: beðr m (“bolster, bedding”)
  • Icelandic: beður m, beð n
  • Faroese: beður m, beð n
  • Norwegian:
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: bedd
  • Old Swedish: *bädh, bädhil
    • Swedish: bädd c
      • → Finnish: peti
• Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹 (badi)
• → Proto-Finnic: *patja (“pillow, mattress”) (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• de Vaan, Michiel (2014) “West Germanic *þþ and *þm in Dutch”, in Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik‎^[2], volume 72, pages 8-9