Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlahjaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”), a seemingly-onomatopoeic root attested in Germanic and Slavic languages. Cognate with Russian клекота́ть (klekotátʹ, “to scream (of birds of prey)”).[1] Possibly related to Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]*hlahjaną
- to laugh (+ genitive of thing laughed at)
Inflection
[edit]| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *hlahjō | *hlahjaų | — | *hlahjai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *hlahisi | *hlahjais | *hlahi | *hlahjasai | *hlahjaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *hlahiþi | *hlahjai | *hlahjaþau | *hlahjaþai | *hlahjaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *hlahjōs | *hlahjaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *hlahjaþiz | *hlahjaiþiz | *hlahjaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *hlahjamaz | *hlahjaim | — | *hlahjanþai | *hlahjainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *hlahiþ | *hlahjaiþ | *hlahiþ | *hlahjanþai | *hlahjainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *hlahjanþi | *hlahjain | *hlahjanþau | *hlahjanþai | *hlahjainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *hlōh | *hlōgį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *hlōht | *hlōgīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *hlōh | *hlōgī | ||||
| 1st dual | *hlōgū | *hlōgīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *hlōgudiz | *hlōgīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *hlōgum | *hlōgīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *hlōgud | *hlōgīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *hlōgun | *hlōgīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *hlahjandz | *hlaganaz | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Proto-West Germanic: *hlahhjan
- Old Norse: hlæja
- East Germanic