Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰoydʰéh₂
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
 |
This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]*bʰeydʰ(h₁)- (“to pledge, (en)trust”) + *-éh₂
Noun
[edit]*bʰoydʰéh₂[1]
Inflection
[edit]| Thematic in *-eh₂ | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *bʰoydʰéh₂ | ||
| genitive | *bʰoydʰéh₂s | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *bʰoydʰéh₂ | *bʰoydʰéh₂h₁(e) | *bʰoydʰéh₂es |
| vocative | *bʰoydʰéh₂ | *bʰoydʰéh₂h₁(e) | *bʰoydʰéh₂es |
| accusative | *bʰoydʰā́m | *bʰoydʰéh₂h₁(e) | *bʰoydʰéh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *bʰoydʰéh₂s | *? | *bʰoydʰéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *bʰoydʰéh₂s | *? | *bʰoydʰéh₂mos |
| dative | *bʰoydʰéh₂ey | *? | *bʰoydʰéh₂mos |
| locative | *bʰoydʰéh₂, *bʰoydʰéh₂i | *? | *bʰoydʰéh₂su |
| instrumental | *bʰoydʰéh₂h₁ | *? | *bʰoydʰéh₂mis |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Albanian: *baidā[2]
- >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *báidāˀ
- Proto-Germanic: *baidō[1]
- Proto-Italic: *foiðā ?[note 2]
Notes
[edit]- ^ If derived independently from the root sense “to force” (the identification of which with this root is somewhat disputed), though not supported by Baltic cognates. Alternatively from *bʰedʰ(h₂)- (“to (op)press; to suffer”), along with Latvian bads, Lithuanian bãdas (“lack, hunger”) and Latvian bēda, Lithuanian bėdà (“misfortune, guilt”).
- ^ Indirect evidence only: Latin foedus (“pledge, contract”) (< *bʰéydʰ-es-) may have been contaminated with an o-grade noun such as thematic *bʰoydʰ-o/eh₂-; cf. de Vaan (2008), who assumes specifically an o-stem.
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 218–219
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*bʰei̯dʰ-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 12
- ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 236
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “be”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 20
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bě̄dà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, pages 38–39: “PIE *bʰoidʰ-eh₂”