Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hnā́ma

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́ma, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥

Noun

*Hnā́ma n

1. name

Inflection

neuter consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hnā́ma	*Hnā́maniH	*Hnā́mān
vocative	*Hnā́ma	*Hnā́maniH	*Hnā́mān
accusative	*Hnā́ma	*Hnā́maniH	*Hnā́mān
instrumental	*Hnā́manaH	*Hnā́mabʰyā(m)	*Hnā́mabʰiš
ablative	*Hnā́manh	*Hnā́mabʰyā(m)	*Hnā́mabʰyaH
dative	*Hnā́manay	*Hnā́mabʰyā(m)	*Hnā́mabʰyaH
genitive	*Hnā́manh	*Hnā́manHāh	*Hnā́manaHam
locative	*Hnā́man(i)	*Hnā́manHaw	*Hnā́mahu

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬥 (nāman)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Scythian:
    • Ossetian:

      Digor Ossetian: нон (non)

      Iron Ossetian: ном (nom)

    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *nāma
      • Proto-Saka: *nāma
        • Khotanese: 𐨣𐨀𐨨 (nāma)
        • Tumshuqese: [script needed] (nāma)
      • Wakhi: nong
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Bactrian: ναμο (namo)
    • Khwarezmian: نام (nʾm /⁠nām⁠/)
    • Proto-Sogdic:
      • Sogdian: (/⁠nām⁠/)

        Manichaean script: 𐫗𐫀𐫖 (nʾm)

        Sogdian script: 𐼻𐼰𐼺 (nʾm)

        Old Sogdian script: 𐼎𐼀𐼍 (nʾm)

        Syriac script: ܢܐܡ

      • Yaghnobi: ном (nom)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi: نام (nám)
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: ناو (naw)

    Northern Kurdish: nav

    Southern Kurdish: ناو (naw)

    Laki: نام (nam)

  • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *nā́mən
    • Caspian:
      • Gilaki: نؤم (nom)
      • Old Mazanderani: نوم (nōm)
        • Mazanderani: نوم (num, nom)
    • Old Median: *nā́mən
      • Kermanic:

        Meymehi: مون (mun), نوم (num)

      • Proto-Tatic:
        • Talysh:

          Central Talysh: نؤم (nom)

          Northern Talysh: nom

          Southern Talysh: نؤم (nom)

        • Old Tati:

          Old Azari: نام (nām)

          • Karingani: نوم (num)
    • Parthian: (/⁠nām⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫗𐫀𐫖 (nʾm)

      Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭍𐭀𐭌 (nʾm), 𐭔𐭌𐭇 (ŠMḤ)

    • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
      • Gurani: نامە (nāma)
      • Zazaki: name (nāma), nam (nām)
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Ormuri: [script needed] (nâm)
  • Pamir:
    • Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
      • Sanglechi: [script needed] (nēm)
      • Zebaki: [script needed] (nēm)
    • Shughni-Roshani:
      • Sarikoli: [script needed] (num)
      • Shughni: [script needed] (num)
  • Pashto: نوم (num)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Bashkardi:

    Bandari: نوم (nüm)

  • Old Persian: 𐎴𐎠𐎶 (n-a-m /⁠nāma⁠/)
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠nām⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫗𐫀𐫖 (nʾm)

      Book Pahlavi script: ŠM (ŠM)

      Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭱𐭬 (ŠM)

      Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮐𐮋 (ŠM)

      • Lurish:

        Northern Luri: نۏم (nöm)

        Bakhtiari: نۏم (nöm)

        Southern Luri: نۏم (nöm)

      • Classical Persian: نام (nâm)
        • Dari: نام (nâm)
        • Iranian Persian: نام (nâm)
        • Tajik: ном (nom)
          • → Uzbek: nom
        • → Ottoman Turkish: نام (nâm)
          • Turkish: nam