Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bukъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Of onomatopoeic origin.

Noun

*bukъ m

1. echo, noise of splashing water

Declension

Declension of *bukъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bukъ	*buka	*buci
genitive	*buka	*buku	*bukъ
dative	*buku	*bukoma	*bukomъ
accusative	*bukъ	*buka	*buky
instrumental	*bukъmь, *bukomь*	*bukoma	*buky
locative	*bucě	*buku	*bucěxъ
vocative	*buče	*buka	*buci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Alternative forms

• *buka f

Related terms

• *bukati
• *bučiti

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: бꙋкъ (bukŭ)
    • Russian: бук (buk) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: бук (buk, “bang”) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: бу̑к

    Latin script: bȗk

  • Slovene: bȗk (dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: bouk, búk (dialectal)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bukъ II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 91

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵosder.

Proto-Germanic *bōkōbor.

Proto-Slavic *bukъ

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *bōkō (“beech”), with a secondary gender change, perhaps in analogy with the native terms Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ (“oak”), *grabrъ (“hornbeam”), *klenъ (“maple”). Probably from a West Germanic source.

Noun

*bukъ m

1. beech

Declension

Declension of *bukъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bukъ	*bùka	*bùci
genitive	*bùka	*bùku	*bùkъ
dative	*bùku	*bùkoma	*bùkomъ
accusative	*bukъ	*bùka	*bùky
instrumental	*bùkъmь, *bùkomь*	*bùkoma	*bùkȳ
locative	*bùcě	*bùku	*bùcě̄xъ
vocative	*bùče	*bùka	*bùci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *bukovъ
  • *bukovica (“beech wood”)
  • *bukovina (“beech forest”)

Related terms

• *buky (“letter (sg.); documents (pl.)”)
  • *bukъvica (“beech nut”)
• *bukařь (“book maker”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: бук (buk)
  • Russian: бук (buk)
  • Ukrainian: бук (buk)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: бук (buk)
  • Macedonian: бук (buk)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: бу̏к (archaic)

    Latin script: bȕk (archaic)

• West Slavic:
  • Czech: buk
  • Kashubian: bùk
  • Polabian: bauk
  • Polish: buk
  • Slovak: buk
  • Slovincian: búk
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: buk
    • Lower Sorbian: buk

• → Lithuanian: bùkas
• → Samogitian: boks

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бук”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bukъ I”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 90
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бук”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 87
• “bukas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012