Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/do

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *da, from Proto-Indo-European *de (“to; and”). Cognate with Latvian da, dialectal Lithuanian da-, Proto-Germanic *tō.

Preposition

*do

1. (with genitive) up to, until
2. (with genitive) before, by (a certain time), not later than

Synonyms

• *kъ(n)

Antonyms

• *otъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: до (do)
    • Old Ruthenian: до (do)
      • Belarusian: да (da)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: до (do)
      • Ukrainian: до (do)
    • Russian: до (do)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: до (do)

    Glagolitic script: ⰴⱁ (do)

  • Bulgarian: до (do)
  • Macedonian: до (do)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: до̏

    Latin script: dȍ

  • Slovene: do (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: do
    • Czech: do
  • Old Polish: do
    • Polish: do
    • Silesian: do, dō (before nasals)
  • Slovak: do
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: do
    • Slovincian: dô
  • Polabian: dü
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: do
    • Upper Sorbian: do

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “до”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress