Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grěti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰr-éh₁-tider.

Proto-Balto-Slavic *grḗˀtei

Proto-Slavic *grě̀ti

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰr-éh₁-ti, from *gʷʰer- (“to heat”) +‎ *-éh₁ti (stative suffix).^[1] Cognate with Ancient Greek θερέω (theréō), Albanian ngroh.

Verb

*grě̀ti impf^[1]^[2]^[3]

to warm, to heat
to shine

Inflection

Conjugation of *grěti, *grě, *grějetь (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*grěnьje	*grěti	*grětъ	*grělъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*grěnъ	*grějemъ
Active	*grěvъ	*grěję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grěxъ	*grě	*grě	*grějǫ	*grěješi	*grějetь
Dual	*grěxově	*grěsta	*grěste	*grějevě	*grějeta	*grějete
Plural	*grěxomъ	*grěste	*grěšę	*grějemъ	*grějete	*grějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grěaxъ	*grěaše	*grěaše	—	*grěji	*grěji
Dual	*grěaxově	*grěašeta	*grěašete	*grějivě	*grějita	—
Plural	*grěaxomъ	*grěašete	*grěaxǫ	*grějimъ	*grějite	—

Conjugation of *grějati, *grěja, *grějetь (impf., -a/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*grějanьje	*grějati	*grějatъ	*grějalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*grějanъ	*grějemъ
Active	*grějavъ	*grěję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grějaxъ	*grěja	*grěja	*grějǫ	*grěješi	*grějetь
Dual	*grějaxově	*grějasta	*grějaste	*grějevě	*grějeta	*grějete
Plural	*grějaxomъ	*grějaste	*grějašę	*grějemъ	*grějete	*grějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grějaaxъ	*grějaaše	*grějaaše	—	*grěji	*grěji
Dual	*grějaaxově	*grějaašeta	*grějaašete	*grějivě	*grějita	—
Plural	*grějaaxomъ	*grějaašete	*grějaaxǫ	*grějimъ	*grějite	—

Alternative forms

*grě̀jati

Derived terms

*grěvъ (“heating, shining”)
*grěnь (“blaze”)
*grěxъ (“sin”)

Related terms

*gorěti (“to burn”)
*gorьkъ (“bitter”)
*goře (“grief, woe”)
*gořьjь (“worse”)
*gъrnidlo (“furnace”)
*gъrnъ, *gъrno (“furnace, cauldron”)
*žarъ (“glow, heat”)
*žeravъ (“burning”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: грѣти (grěti); грѣꙗтисꙗ (grějatisja)
  - Belarusian: грэць (hrecʹ)
  - Russian: гре́ть (grétʹ)
  - Ukrainian: грі́ти (hríty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: грѣти (grěti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰳⱃⱑⱅⰻ (grěti)
- Bulgarian: гре́я (gréja)
- Macedonian: грее (gree)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: гре̏јати
  
  Latin: grȅjati
- Slovene: grẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hřieti, hřeti
  - Czech: hřát
- Polabian: grijot
- Polish: grzać
- Silesian: grzŏć
- Old Slovak: hriati, hráti
  - Pannonian Rusyn: грац (hrac)
  - Slovak: hráť
- Slovincian: grzoc
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: hrěć
  - Lower Sorbian: grěś

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grě(ja)ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187: “v. ‘warm, heat’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “grěti: grějǫ grějetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 204, 207, 246; PR 133; MP 27)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “grẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*grě̋ti”