Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grěti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰr-éh₁-ti, from *gʷʰer- (“to heat”) +‎ *-éh₁ti (“stative suffix”). Cognate with Ancient Greek θερέω (theréō), Albanian ngroh.

Verb

*grě̀ti impf

1. to warm, to heat
2. to shine

Inflection

Conjugation of *grěti, *grě, *grějetь (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*grěnьje	*grěti	*grětъ	*grělъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*grěnъ	*grějemъ
Active	*grěvъ	*grěję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grěxъ	*grě	*grě	*grějǫ	*grěješi	*grějetь
Dual	*grěxově	*grěsta	*grěste	*grějevě	*grějeta	*grějete
Plural	*grěxomъ	*grěste	*grěšę	*grějemъ	*grějete	*grějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grěaxъ	*grěaše	*grěaše	—	*grěji	*grěji
Dual	*grěaxově	*grěašeta	*grěašete	*grějivě	*grějita	—
Plural	*grěaxomъ	*grěašete	*grěaxǫ	*grějimъ	*grějite	—

Conjugation of *grějati, *grěja, *grějetь (impf., -a/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*grějanьje	*grějati	*grějatъ	*grějalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*grějanъ	*grějemъ
Active	*grějavъ	*grěję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grějaxъ	*grěja	*grěja	*grějǫ	*grěješi	*grějetь
Dual	*grějaxově	*grějasta	*grějaste	*grějevě	*grějeta	*grějete
Plural	*grějaxomъ	*grějaste	*grějašę	*grějemъ	*grějete	*grějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*grějaaxъ	*grějaaše	*grějaaše	—	*grěji	*grěji
Dual	*grějaaxově	*grějaašeta	*grějaašete	*grějivě	*grějita	—
Plural	*grějaaxomъ	*grějaašete	*grějaaxǫ	*grějimъ	*grějite	—

Alternative forms

• *grě̀jati

Related terms

• *gorěti (“to burn”)
• *gořьjь (“worse”)
• *gorьkъ (“bitter”)
• *goře (“grief, woe”)
• *gъrnidlo (“furnace”)
• *gъrnъ, *gъrno (“furnace, cauldron”)
• *žarъ (“glow, heat”)
• *žeravъ (“burning”)

Derived terms

• *grěvъ (“heating, shining”)
• *grěnь (“blaze”)
• *grěxъ (“sin”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: грѣти (grěti); грѣꙗтисꙗ (grějatisja)
    • Belarusian: грэць (hrecʹ)
    • Russian: гре́ть (grétʹ)
    • Ukrainian: грі́ти (hríty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: грѣти (grěti)

    Glagolitic script: ⰳⱃⱑⱅⰻ (grěti)

  • Bulgarian: гре́я (gréja)
  • Macedonian: грее (gree)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: гре̏јати

    Latin: grȅjati

  • Slovene: grẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hřieti
    • Czech: hřát
  • Polabian: grijot
  • Polish: grzać
  • Silesian: grzŏć
  • Slovak: hriať
  • Slovincian: grzoc
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: hrěć
    • Lower Sorbian: grěś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “греть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “греть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 216
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grě(ja)ti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 116