Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰer-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gʷʰer-

1. to be warm

   Synonym: *tep-

2. to become warm

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰer- (47 c, 0 e)

• *gʷʰér-e-ti (thematic root present)
  • Proto-Albanian: *džera, *džernja
    • Albanian: ziej
  • Proto-Celtic: *gʷereti (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *kʷʰérō
    • Ancient Greek: θέρω (thérō), θέρομαι (théromai)

• *gʷʰe-gʷʰór-e ~ *gʷʰe-gʷʰr-ḗr (reduplicated stative)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *garḗˀtei (see there for further descendants)

• *gʷʰi-gʷʰér-ti ~ *gʷʰi-gʷʰr-énti (i-reduplicated athematic present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰʰigʰárti
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́igʰárti
      • >? Sanskrit: जिघर्ति (jighárti)

• *gʷʰor-éye-ti (eye-causative)

• *gʷʰr-éh₁-(ye)-ti (eh₁(ye)-stative)
  • Proto-Albanian: *grāja
    • Albanian: ngroh
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *grḗˀtei
    • Proto-Slavic: *grěti (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *kʷʰeréyō
    • Ancient Greek: θερέω (theréō)

• *gʷʰr̥-néw-ti ~ *gʷʰr̥-nw-énti (new-present)

• *gʷʰér-mn̥ ~ *gʷʰr̥-méns (“warmth, heat”)

• *gʷʰér-os (“heat; warm weather”)

• *gʷʰór-o-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *gʷoros (“brooding; pus”) (see there for further descendants)

• *gʷʰre-ns-ó-s

• *gʷʰr̥-nó-s (“something warm”)

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: घृ (ghṛ, “to shine, burn”)