Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tręsti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Vasmer, Rix (LIV) and Chernykh, a contamination of Proto-Indo-European *trem- and *tres-:

• *trem- produces Lithuanian trìmti (“to shiver with cold”), 1sg. trimù, Lithuanian trémti (“to knock over”), 1sg. tremiù, Latin tremō (“to shiver”), inf. tremere, Ancient Greek τρέμω (trémō, “to shiver”), Tocharian A träm- (“to shiver”), Tocharian B tremem (“trepidation”), Albanian trëmp (“to get frightened”) (Tosk), trem (“to get frightened”) (Gheg), Old Saxon thrimman (“to jump”).
• *tres- produces Sanskrit त्रसति (trásati, “to shiver”), Avestan 𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (tər^əsaⁱti, “to tremble”), Ancient Greek τρέω (tréō, “to tremble”), aorist τρέσσαι (tréssai).

Verb

*tręstì

1. (transitive) to shake

Inflection

Conjugation of *tręsti, *tręse, *tręsetь (?, -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*tręsenьje	*tręsti	*tręstъ	*tręslъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*tręsenъ	*tręsomъ
Active	*tręsъ	*tręsy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*tręs(ox)ъ	*tręse	*tręse	*tręsǫ	*tręseši	*tręsetь
Dual	*tręs(ox)ově	*tręs(e/os)ta	*tręs(e/os)te	*tręsevě	*tręseta	*tręsete
Plural	*tręs(ox)omъ	*tręs(e/os)te	*tręsǫ, *tręsošę	*tręsemъ	*tręsete	*tręsǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*tręsěaxъ	*tręsěaše	*tręsěaše	—	*tręsi	*tręsi
Dual	*tręsěaxově	*tręsěašeta	*tręsěašete	*tręsěvě	*tręsěta	—
Plural	*tręsěaxomъ	*tręsěašete	*tręsěaxǫ	*tręsěmъ	*tręsěte	—

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: трясти (trjasti)
    • Belarusian: трэ́сці (trésci)
    • Russian: трясти́ (trjastí)
    • Ukrainian: трясти́ (trjastý)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: трѧсти (tręsti)

    Glagolitic: ⱅⱃⱔⱄⱅⰻ (tręsti)

  • Bulgarian: треса́ (tresá)
  • Macedonian: тресе (trese)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: тре́сти

    Latin script: trésti

  • Slovene: trẹ́sti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: trzisc
  • Old Czech: třiesti
    • Czech: třást
  • Old Polish: trząść
    • Polish: trząść
  • Slovak: triasť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: třasć
    • Lower Sorbian: tśěsć

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 497
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “трясу́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “трясти́”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 268
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 651