Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьrša

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European:

• Derksen: *wr̥ǵ- (see *werǵ-); Therefore from earlier *virzsjā. Morphologically *vьrz- +‎ *-ša.

Cognate with Proto-Germanic *werką (> Old High German werc (“work”)), *wirkijaną (> Old High German wirken (“to manufacture by sowing, stitching or weaving”))

• Vasmer: *werǵʰsyeh₂ (see *werǵʰ-) or *vьrxъ +‎ *-ja (< *wr̥s- / *wers-).

Cognate with Lithuanian veržỹs.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian váržas, Latvian var̂za.

Noun

*vь̀rša f

1. fishing basket, fishing trap made of osiers

Inflection

Declension of *vь̀rša (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vь̀rša	*vь̀rši	*vь̀ršę̇
genitive	*vь̀ršę̇	*vь̀ršu	*vь̀ršь
dative	*vь̀ršī	*vь̀ršama	*vь̀ršāmъ
accusative	*vь̀ršǫ	*vь̀rši	*vь̀ršę̇
instrumental	*vь̀ršējǫ, *vь̀ršǭ*	*vь̀ršama	*vь̀ršāmī
locative	*vь̀ršī	*vь̀ršu	*vь̀ršāsъ
vocative	*vь̀rše	*vь̀rši	*vь̀ršę̇

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

See also

• *povorzъ, *pavorzъ (“cord”) (< PIE *worǵʰos)
• *versъ, *verskъ (“heather”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: вьрша (vĭrša), врьша (vrĭša)
    • Belarusian: вярша (vjarša)
    • Russian: ве́рша (vérša)
    • Ukrainian: ве́рша (vérša)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: въ́рша (vǎ́rša)
  • Macedonian: врша (vrša)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: вр̑ша

    Latin script: vȓša

  • Slovene: vŕša (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: vršě
    • Czech: vrše
  • Old Polish: wiersza, wirsza
    • Polish: wiersza
  • Slovak: vrša
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: wjerša
    • Lower Sorbian: wjerša

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Hungarian: varsa
  • → Romanian: vârșă

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 539
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “верша”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “вьрша, врьша”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[1] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 467