Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zima

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Wikidata has a Lexeme related to:

zima (L744846)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ.^[1]

Noun

*zimà f^[1]^[2]

winter

Declension

Declension of *zimà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*zimà	*zȋmě	*zȋmy
genitive	*zimý	*zimù	*zĩmъ
dative	*zimě̀	*zimàma	*zimàmъ
accusative	*zȋmǫ	*zȋmě	*zȋmy
instrumental	*zimojǫ́	*zimàma	*zimàmi
locative	*zȋmě	*zimù	zimàsъ, zimàxъ^*
vocative	*zimo	*zȋmě	*zȋmy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: зима (zima)
  - Old Ruthenian: зима (zima)
    - Belarusian: зіма́ (zimá)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: зи́ма (zýma)
    - Ukrainian: зима́ (zymá)
  - Russian: зима́ (zimá)
- Old Novgorodian: ꙁима (zima); жима (zʹima) (Old Pskovian)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: зима (zima)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰸⰹⰿⰰ (zima)
- Bulgarian: зи́ма (zíma)
- Macedonian: зи́ма (zíma)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: зи́ма
  
  Latin script: zíma
- Slovene: zíma (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: zima
  - Czech: zima
- Kashubian: zëma
- Polabian: zaimă
- Old Polish: zima
  - Polish: zima
- Old Slovak: zima
  - Pannonian Rusyn: жима (žima)
  - Slovak: zima
- Slovincian: zëma
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: zyma
  - Lower Sorbian: zyma

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*zimà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 544: “f. ā (c) ‘winter’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “zima zimy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c winter (NA 87, 141; SA 24, 44; PR 138)”

[EDSIL-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*zimà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 544: “f. ā (c) ‘winter’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “zima zimy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c winter (NA 87, 141; SA 24, 44; PR 138)”

[1]

[2]