Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vermę

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *werˀtmen or *werˀtmin, from Proto-Indo-European *wértmn̥, from the root *wert- (“to turn”). Cognate with Sanskrit वर्त्मन् (vártman, “track, course”).

Noun

*vermę n

1. time

Declension

Declension of *vermę (n-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*vermę	*vermeni	*vermena
Accusative	*vermę	*vermeni	*vermena
Genitive	*vermene	*vermenu	*vermenъ
Locative	*vermene	*vermenu	*vermenьxъ
Dative	*vermeni	*vermenьma	*vermenьmъ
Instrumental	*vermenьmь	*vermenьma	*vermeny
Vocative	*vermę	*vermeni	*vermena

Derived terms

• *bezvermьje (“timelessness”)
• *vermena dьne (“times of day”)
• *vermena goda (“seasons”)

Related terms

• *verteno (“spindle”)
• *vorta (“door, gate”)
• *vortiti (“to turn, to return”)
• *vьrsta, *vьrstva (“row, line, age, kind”)
• *vьrtěti (“to turn”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: веремѧ (veremę)
    • Belarusian: ве́реме (vjérjemje) (obsolete)
    • Ukrainian: ве́рем'я (véremʺja) (obsolete)

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Glagolitic: ⰲⱃⱑⰿⱔ (vrěmę)

    Old Cyrillic: врѣмѧ (vrěmę)

    • → Belarusian: урэ́мя (urémja) (obsolete)
    • → Russian: вре́мя (vrémja)
    • → Ukrainian: уре́м'я (urémʺja)/уре́мня (urémnja)/ве́ремє (véremje) (obsolete)
  • Bulgarian: вре́ме (vréme)
  • Macedonian: време (vreme)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: врије́ме, вре́ме, ври́ме

    Latin: vrijéme, vréme, vríme

  • Slovene: vréme

• West Slavic:
  • Old Polish: wrzemię
  • Old Czech: vřémě

• Non-Slavic languages:
  • → Romanian: vreme

Further reading

• Derksen, Rick (2008) , “*vermę”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 516
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) , “время”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Oleg Trubačóv, Moscow: Progress