Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ï̄t

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms

• *ït

Etymology

Karakhanid, Oghuz and Yakut-Dolgan languages point to a short vowel.

Noun

*ï̄t

1. dog

Declension

Declension of *ï̄t

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*ï̄t
Accusative	*ï̄tnï, *ï̄tïg 4), *ï̄tnïg 1)
Genitive	*ï̄tnïŋ
Dative	*ï̄tka
Locative	*ï̄tda
Ablative	*ï̄tdan
Allative	*ï̄tgaru
Instrumental 2)	*ï̄tïn
Equative 2)	*ï̄tča
Similative 2)	*ï̄tlayu
Comitative 2)	*ï̄tlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: йытӑ (jyt̬ă)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: ît
• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (it)
      • Azerbaijani: it
      • Ottoman Turkish: ایت (it)
        • Turkish: it (derogatory)
        • Gagauz: it
  • Turkmen: it
  • Salar: it
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: ات (it)
    • Uyghur: ئىت (it)
    • Uzbek: it
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: эт (et)
    • Tatar: эт (et)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimeaic Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: it
      • Urum: ит (it)
    • Karachay-Balkar: ит (it)
    • Kumyk: ит (it)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: [script needed] (iyt)
    • Kazakh: ит (it)
    • Nogai: ийт (iyt)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: ит (it)
    • Southern Altai: ийт (iyt)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰃𐱃 (ït)
    • Old Uyghur: yt (ït)
      • Western Yugur: əʃt
      • →? Salar: işd
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: ыт
    • Yakut: ыт (ıt)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: ыт (ıt)

See also

Animals in Turkic
Dog	dog: *ït	Hunting Dog	hunting dog: *eker	Hen	hen: *tiakïgu
Lark	lark: *torgay	Pigeon	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	Quail	quail: *bïldurčïn
Sparrow	sparrow: *serče	Hawk	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	Goose	goose: *kāŕ
Wolf	wolf: *bȫrü	Cow	cow: *ingek	Calf	calf: *buŕagu
Camel	camel: *tebe	Young Camel	young of camel: *kȫĺek, *botu	Horse	horse: *at
Foal	foal: *kulun	Worm	worm: *kūrt	Snake	snake: *yï̄lan
Fox	fox: *tilkü	goat	goat: *keči	He-goat	he-goat: *teke
Lion	lion: *arsïlan	Fish	fish: *bālïk	Abramis brama	carp bream: *čapak
Donkey	donkey: *eĺčgek	Carp	carp: *siāŕgan	Catfish	catfish: *yāyïn
Beaver	beaver: *kunduŕ	Hedgehog	hedgehog: *kirpi	Badger	badger: *borsmuk
Fly	fly, mosquito: *siŋek	Bee	wasp, bee: *ārï	Gadlfy	gadfly: *bȫgen
Moth	moth: *küńe	Louse	louse: *bït	Earthworm	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
Yak	yak: *kotuz	Colt	colt: *sïp	Dragon	dragon: *siāŕgan
Worm	worm: *kūrt	Deer	deer: *keyik, *sïgun, *bulan, *bugu	Lizard	lizard: *keleŕ

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ıt”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 34
• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 386
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “it”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 174
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ɨt / *it”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Tekin, Talât (1995) Türk Dillerinde Birincil Uzun Ünlüler [Primary Long Vowels in Turkic Languages] (Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları Dizisi; 13)‎^[2], Ankara: T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı, →ISBN, page 176