User:Saph668/Sandbox

Schleicher's fable

(Written 4 November 2023, revised to 28 November 2023.)

Proto-Indo-European text

*h₂ówis h₁éḱweskʷe

*h₂ówis Hyosméy h₂ulh₁néh₂ ne h₁ésti só h₁éḱwoms dérḱt. sḗm gʷréh₂um wóǵʰom weǵʰt, sḗm méǵh₂m̥ bʰoréh₂m̥, sḗm ǵʰmónm̥ h₂ṓku bʰéret. h₂ówis h₁éḱwomos wekʷt: "dr̥ḱént ǵʰmṓ h₁éḱwom h₂éǵti, h₁mey ḱḗr h₁me kénkti." sḗm h₁éḱwos wekʷt: "ḱludʰí, h₂ówi!, n̥smey ḱéres n̥smé kénkn̥ti, Hyós ǵʰmṓ, pótis, kʷérti tósmoy pélkim per h₂ulh₁néh₂ h₂éwis, só h₂ówis h₂ulh₁néh₂ ne h₁ésti." tóm ḱl̥wónts, só h₂ówis h₁en h₂éǵrom bʰewgt.

Gloss

sheep-NOM.SG horse-NOM.PL=and

• sheep-NOM.SG REL-DAT wool-VBADJ-TH-N.PL NEG be-3.SG.PRES that-NOM.SG horse-ACC.PL see-3.SG.AOR | one:NOM heavy-ACC.SG wagon-ACC.SG carry-3.SG.AOR | one:NOM great-ACC.SG load-TH-ACC.SG | one:NOM man-ACC.SG quickly bear-TH-3.SG.AOR | sheep-NOM.SG horse-DAT.PL say-3.SG.AOR | see-PTCP man:NOM.SG drive-3.SG.AOR | 1.SG.GEN heart:NOM.SG 1.SG.ACC pain-3.SG.PRES | one:NOM horse-NOM.SG say-3.SG.AOR | listen-IMP.2.SG sheep-VOC | 1.PL.GEN heart-NOM.PL 1.PL.ACC pain-3.PL.PRES REL-NOM man:NOM.SG | master-NOM.SG | make-3.SG.PRES that-DAT.SG cover-DN-ACC.SG from wool-VBADJ-TH-N.NOM.PL sheep:GEN.SG | that-NOM.SG sheep-NOM.SG wool-VBADJ-TH-N.NOM.PL NEG be-3.SG.PRES | that-ACC.SG hear.AOR-PTCP | that-NOM.SG sheep-NOM.SG in field-ACC.SG flee-3.SG.AOR

Notes

Where TH represents a thematic vowel, and cases are assumed masculine by default and marked N if neuter. DN represents a deverbal element -i- or -mo-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /*χɔ́u̯i̯s Hi̯ɔsmɛ́i̯ χu̯lhnɛ́χ nɛ hɛ́sti̯ sɔ́ hɛ́kʲu̯ɔms dɛ́rkʲt, sɛ́ːm ɡʷrɛ́χu̯m u̯ɔ́ɡʲʱɔm u̯ɛɡʲʱt, sɛ́ːm mɛ́ɡʲχm̩ bʱɔrɛ́χm̩, sɛ́ːm ɡʲʱmɔ́nm̩ χɔ́ːku̯ bʱɛ́rɛt, χɔ́u̯i̯s hɛ́kʲu̯ɔmɔs u̯ɛkʷt, dr̥kʲɛ́nt ɡʲʱmɔ́ː hɛ́kʲu̯ɔm χɛ́ɡʲti̯, hmɛi̯ kʲɛ́ːr hmɛ kɛ́nkti̯, sɛ́ːm hɛ́kʲu̯ɔs u̯ɛkʷt, kʲlu̯dʱí̯, χɔ́u̯i̯, n̩smɛi̯ kʲɛ́rɛs n̩smɛ́ kɛ́nkn̩ti̯, Hi̯ɔ́s ɡʲʱmɔ́ː, pɔ́ti̯s, kʷɛ́rti̯ tɔ́smɔi̯ pɛ́lki̯m pɛr χu̯lhnɛ́χ χɛ́u̯i̯s, sɔ́ χɔ́u̯i̯s χu̯lhnɛ́χ nɛ hɛ́sti̯, tɔ́m kʲl̩u̯ɔ́nts, sɔ́ χɔ́u̯i̯s hɛn χɛ́ɡʲrɔm bʱɛu̯ɡt/ (Western Indo-European, i.e. after the split of Anatolian)
• IPA^(key): [*ħɐ́wis̠ Hjɔs̠mɛ́i̯ ħul(ə)nɐ́ːħ nɛ hɛ́s̠ti s̠ɔ́ hɛ́kʲwɔms̠ dɛ́rkʲt, s̠ɛ́ːm ɡʷrɐ́ːħum wɔ́ɡʲʱɔm wɛɡʲʱt, s̠ɛ́ːm mɛ́ɡʲɐm bʱɔrɐ́ːm, s̠ɛ́ːm ɡʲʱmɔ́nm̩ ħɔ́ːku bʱɛ́rɛt, ħɐ́wis̠ hɛ́kʲwɔmɔs̠ wɛkʷt, dr̩kʲɛ́nt ɡʲʱmɔ́ː hɛ́kʲwɔm ħɐ́ɡʲti, (ə)mɛi̯ kʲɛ́ːr (ə)mɛ kɛ́nkti, s̠ɛ́ːm hɛ́kʲwɔs̠ wɛkʷt, kʲludʱí, ħɐ́wi, n̩s̠mɛi̯ kʲɛ́rɛs̠ n̩s̠mɛ́ kɛ́nkn̩ti, Hjɔ́s̠ ɡʲʱmɔ́ː, pɔ́tis̠, kʷɛ́rti tɔ́s̠mɔi̯ pɛ́lkim pɛr ħul(ə)nɐ́ːħ ħɐ́wis̠, s̠ɔ́ ħɐ́wis̠ ħul(ə)nɐ́ːħ nɛ hɛ́s̠ti, tɔ́m kʲl̩wɔ́nts̠, s̠ɔ́ ħɐ́wis̠ hɛn ħɐ́ɡʲrɔm bʱɛu̯kt]

Notes

• *h₁ and *h₂ are transcribed /h/ [(ə)] and /χ/ [ħ, ɐ], per Weiss, 2016 and Rasmussen, 1983.
• *e and *o are transcribed /ɛ/ and /ɔ/, on the basis of:
  • Pervasive *o > *a changes.
  • *e and *o possessing qualities of /ɛ/ and /ɔ/ in Common Anatolian.
  • η and ω being realised as /ɛː/ and /ɔː/ in Archaic Greek.
• *s is transcribed /s/ [s̠] on the basis of:
  • Probable presence of retracted [s̠] in Proto-Germanic (whence its modern realisation of [s̠] in several Germanic languages, particularly North Germanic).
  • Retracted [s̠] present in Latin and Greek.
  • s > š in Hittite, which could imply an apical (retracted) realisation of Proto-Indo-European /s/.
• Note that an acute accent /V́/ signals a stressed syllable, and is not intended to carry any implications of tonality.
• Also note that there is obviously no way to know whether or not this reconstruction is entirely correct.

English translation

The Ewe and the Eohs

The ewe who had no wool saw eohs. One was carrying a hefty wagon, one a great load, and one was ridden by a man. The ewe said to the eohs: "To see a man driving an eoh, my heart pains me." One eoh said: "Our hearts pain us, that a man, the master, makes for himself a coat of the ewe's wool and that ewe is left woolless." That heard, the ewe fled into the field.

Notes

Operating under the assumption of SOV word order. Ewe and eoh chosen poetically as they are descendants of *h₂ówis and *h₁éḱwos.

Any corrections are much appreciated!

The Myth of Mannus and Remus

(Written 24 September 2023, revised to 30 November 2023.)

Proto-Indo-European text

*sekʷtlom moh₂nosyo yémHosyokʷe

*h₁en kenis, dʰéǵʰōm tórmos h₁est— ne deywoswē upér, ne dóruh₂wē, ne mr̥téys gʷih₃woswē, ne léwks dʰǵʰés ne dʰúbʰnoswē nékʷts. h₁en só tórmos bʰréh₂teres wéǵʰn̥ti, suHnéwes deywos-ph₂trés, moh₂nos yémHoskʷe, ḱóm h₂ugsénm̥ moh₂nosyo; ḱwesn̥t tóh₁, h₁éti moh₂nos yémHom gʷʰént. ḱóm h₁ewHos deywos-ph₂trés, perkʷūnosyokʷe, déywēs suHnówskʷe deywos-ph₂trés, krépos yémHosyo ḱóm h₁ey ǵʰm̥mes dʰh₁melóskʷe: h₁ey gʷerHéh₂ per syo ḱérh₂sō, wr̥stéres per syo ḱérdh₂ déwsōskʷe, h₁eti per syo péses ḱruHskʷe n̥pótis, tóy dʰéh₁ent. (unfinished)

Notes

Use of *tórmos "hole" as "chaos" by analogy with χάος (kháos).

For *sékʷtlom "story," compare Proto-Celtic *skʷetlom (Old Irish scél (“story, news, argument”), Welsh chwedl (“story, tale, anecdote, legend”)).

For *dʰeh₁- with a connotation of divine creation, compare its use in Hittite and Avestan:

• Hittite: nēbis dēgan dāir "established heaven and earth"
• Avestan: Kə huvāpå raocåscā dāt təmåscā? "What skillfull artificer made the regions of light and dark?"

West, M.L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Gloss

say-INSTR.DN-TH-N.NOM.SG mannus-TH-GEN.SG remus-TH-GEN.SG=and

• in start-DN-NOM.SG | earth-N.NOM.SG hole-DN-TH-NOM.SG be-3.SG.AOR | (unfinished)

Notes

See above.

English translations

Poetic translation

The Myth of Mannus and Remus

In the beginning, the earth was naught but an gaping abyss– nor was there sky above, nor trees, neither death nor life, neither the flicker of day nor the darkness of night. In this void went the brothers, sons of the sky-father, Mannus and Remus, with the bull of Mannus; and with each other those two quarreled, and Mannus murdered Remus. And with the aid of the sky-father, of Perun, and of the two divine twins of the sky-father, the body of Remus they formed into men and the elements: the priests from his head, the warriors from his breasts and arms, and from his genitalia and legs the commoners.

Literal translation

The Story of Mannus and Remus

In the start [of the world], the earth was a chasm– [there was] no sky above, nor trees, not death or life, not the light of day nor the depth of night. In that chasm went the brothers, sons of the sky-father, Mannus and Remus, with the bull of Mannus; those two quarreled, and Mannus murdered Remus. And with the assistance of the sky-father, of Perun, and of the two godlike sons of the sky-father, the men and the elements were formed: those highly-esteemed men (priests) of his head, those threshers (warriors) of his breasts and arms, and of his genitalia and legs those who were not masters.

Notes

*YémHos anglicised as Remus due to the Roman foundation myth. Also I just personally don't like Yemus as an anglicisation.

-saph 🍏 15:55, 30 November 2023 (UTC)

Caelic

Alternative forms

• (Late Halic Thessanian) myeru
• (Old Caelic) miêruw, myêrhw, myêhȯ, miêghuw
• (Middle Caelic) miêghow, miêghuw, miêrgh, miergh
• (Reformed) meghȯw

Etymology

From Ancient Thessanian mináru ("unit of time equivalent to 5 days"). Compare Adaean merò, Adrasic méru, Hacian mér.

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /mjɛ⁵²Rʊ²³w/ → /mjɛ̂ɦəu̯/ → /ˈmjɛ̂u̯ˤ/

(15th RE Old Caelic) IPA(key): /mjɛ⁵²Rʊ²³w/

(19th RE Middle Caelic) IPA(key): /mjɛ̂ʕəu̯/

(3rd NE Early Modern Caelic) IPA(key): /mjɛ̂ɦəu̯/

(10th NE Modern Standard Caelic) IPA(key): /ˈmjɛ̂u̯ˤ/

(Colloquial Urban Colowght) IPA(key): [ˈmiu̯], [ˈmɛu̯]

(Formal Urban Colowght) IPA(key): [ˈmjɛu̯]

(Southern Rural Caelic) IPA(key): [ˈmjɛu̯ˀ]

(in older speakers) IPA(key): [ˈmjɛu̯ˤ]

Noun

mieghow (oblique singular mieght, plural ha mieghow)

1. a unit of time equivalent to 5 days beginning on Cotow and ending with Anchoghow
   1. (figuratively) results of the stock market for the mieght

      Ein mieght, Colow Loghem Rach gha degch.

      The stock market this mieght saw Colow Standard Tea plummet.

      1. (by extension) stock market
   2. (by extension) any period of 5 consecutive days
2. Preceded by a specified day: a mieght (before or after) the specified day