amygdala
See also: Amygdala
English
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Because of its shape, from Latin amygdala (“almond”), from Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē, “almond”). Doublet of almond, amygdale, and mandorla.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]amygdala (plural amygdalas or amygdalae)
- (neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans.
- 2006, Marcus Lira Brandão, Frederico Guilherme Graeff, Neurobiology of Mental Disorders, page 36:
- There is experimental evidence showing that cortisol restrains the intensity and duration of the emergency reaction to stress, and catecholamines have been shown to enhance emotional memory in the amygdala (see subsection on "Noradrenaline"). Thus, individuals lacking cortisol would overstore traumatic memories .
- 2009 February 12, David Brooks, “The Worst-Case Scenario”, in The New York Times[1]:
- Cognitive scientists distinguish between normal risk-assessment decisions, which activate the reward-prediction regions of the brain, and decisions made amid extreme uncertainty, which generate activity in the amygdala.
Holonyms
[edit]- (region of the brain): brain, limbic system
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]region of the brain
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Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin amygdala. Doublet of mandle and mandorla.
Noun
[edit]amygdala f
Declension
[edit]Latin
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /aˈmyɡ.da.la/, [äˈmʏɡd̪äɫ̪ä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /aˈmiɡ.da.la/, [äˈmiɡd̪älä]
Etymology 1
[edit]From Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē, “almond”). The sense "tonsil" is likely a calque of Arabic لَوْز (lawz).
Noun
[edit]amygdala f (genitive amygdalae); first declension
- almond tree
- almond
- Synonym: amygdalum
- (Medieval Latin) tonsil
Declension
[edit]First-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | amygdala | amygdalae |
| genitive | amygdalae | amygdalārum |
| dative | amygdalae | amygdalīs |
| accusative | amygdalam | amygdalās |
| ablative | amygdalā | amygdalīs |
| vocative | amygdala | amygdalae |
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]amygdala
References
[edit]- “amygdala”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- "amygdala", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- amygdala in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Portuguese
[edit]Noun
[edit]amygdala f (plural amygdalas)
- Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of amígdala.
Categories:
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English doublets
- English 4-syllable words
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- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Neuroanatomy
- English terms with quotations
- Czech terms borrowed from Latin
- Czech terms derived from Latin
- Czech doublets
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech hard feminine nouns
- cs:Neuroanatomy
- Latin 4-syllable words
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- Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms calqued from Arabic
- Latin terms derived from Arabic
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin terms spelled with Y
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- Medieval Latin
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- la:Trees
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese terms spelled with Y
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Portuguese forms superseded in 1943
- Portuguese forms superseded in 1911