aspal

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch asfalt (“asphalt”), from Middle French asphalte, from Late Latin asphaltum, from Ancient Greek ἄσφαλτος (ásphaltos, “asphalt, bitumen”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /as.pal/
• Hyphenation: as‧pal

Noun

aspal (first-person possessive aspalku, second-person possessive aspalmu, third-person possessive aspalnya)

1. asphalt.

Derived terms

• beraspal
• mengaspal
• pengaspalan
• teraspal

 

Further reading

• “aspal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

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Irish

Alternative forms

• abstal, apstal, aspol, easpal

Etymology

From Old Irish apstal, from Latin apostolus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, “one sent forth, apostle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈasˠpˠəlˠ/
• IPA^(key): /ˈɑpˠsˠtˠəl/ (reflecting the alternative forms abstal, apstal)

Noun

aspal m (genitive singular aspail, nominative plural aspail)

1. apostle

Declension

Declension of aspal

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative aspal aspail Vocative a aspail a aspala Genitive aspail aspal Dative aspal aspail

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an t-aspal na haspail Genitive an aspail na n-aspal Dative leis an aspal don aspal leis na haspail

Derived terms

• aspalacht f (“apostleship; apostolate”)
• aspalda, aspalach (“apostolic, apostolical”, adjective)
• Cré na nAspal (“the Apostles’ Creed”)
• Gníomhartha na nAspal (“Acts of the Apostles”)
• liachtain aspal f (“epistle reading”)
• spúnóg aspail f (“apostle spoon”)

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
aspal	n-aspal	haspal	t-aspal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “aspal”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “apstal”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Template:R:ga:Dinneen
• Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 9
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “aspal”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “aspal”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024