axel

See also: Axel

English

Diagram showing the performance of an axel (skating manoeuvre)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈæk.səl/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æksəl
• Homophone: axle

Etymology 1

Named after Norwegian skater Axel Paulsen (1855–1938), who in 1882 became the first to perform the jump.

Noun

axel (plural axels)

1. (figure skating) A jump that includes one (or more than one) complete turn and a half turn while in the air.

   Synonym: axel jump

   • 1991, Harvard Magazine, volume 94, page 44:

     Wylie, however, landed his Olympic axels beautifully and electrified the crowd as he capped a skating career that began at age three in Aspen, Colorado, when he followed two older sisters onto the ice.

   • 1997, Beverley Smith, A Year in Figure Skating, page 115:

     Men had to do triple Axels or at least attempt them with tenacity.

   • 2005, Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, volume 30, page 746:

     […] King et al. (1994) and King (1997) compared single, double, and triple axels of junior and senior level skaters; Albert and Miller (1996) compared single and double axels of “good” figure skaters; […] .

Derived terms

• double axel
• triple axel

Translations

Translations

• Polish: aksel (pl) m, axel (pl) m

Verb

axel (third-person singular simple present axels, present participle axeling or axelling, simple past and past participle axeled or axelled)

1. (intransitive, figure skating) To perform a jump of this kind.

See also

• loop jump
• lutz
• quadruple jump
• salchow
• waltz jump

Further reading

• Axel jump on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

Noun

axel

1. Misspelling of axle.
   • 1755, “A Country Gentleman”, in A New System of Agriculture; Or, A Plain, Easy, and Demonſtrative Method of ſpeedily growing Rich, page 177:

     This end of the Axel is to be faſten'd into a Wheel, exactly like thoſe, which are us'd in many Places, for the roaſting Meat.

   • 1900, Municipal Reports of the City of Grand Rapids, Michigan, page 85:

     Ten 4-wheel hose wagons, three with ballbearing axels and one with roller-bearing axels, all manufactured in the city.

   • 1944, Private and Local Acts Passed by the Legislature of Wisconsin, Publisher not identified, page 627,

     The gross weight on any 2 or more axels shall not exceed 26,000 pounds plus 1,000 pounds for each foot of distance measured longitudinally to the nearest foot between the foremost and rearmost of the axels under consideration.

Anagrams

• Alex, Lexa, axle

Middle English

Alternative forms

• axle, eaxle, æxle, exle

Etymology

From Old English eaxl, from Proto-West Germanic *ahslu, from Proto-Germanic *ahslō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaksəl/, /ˈɛksəl/

Noun

axel (plural axeles)

1. shoulder

Descendants

• English: axle (obsolete)
• Scots: aixle, exle

References

• “axel, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 25 April 2018.

Polish

Etymology

Named after Norwegian skater Axel Paulsen (1855–1938), who in 1882 became the first to perform the jump.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈak.sɛl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aksɛl
• Syllabification: a‧xel

Noun

axel m inan

1. (figure skating) alternative spelling of aksel

Declension

Declension of axel

	singular	plural
nominative	axel	axle
genitive	axla	axli
dative	axlowi	axlom
accusative	axel	axle
instrumental	axlem	axlami
locative	axlu	axlach
vocative	axlu	axle

Further reading

• “axel”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[1] (in Polish)

Swedish

vänster axel [left shoulder]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /¹aksɛl/

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish axl, from Old Norse ǫxl, from Proto-Germanic *ahslō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-.

Noun

axel c

1. (anatomy) a shoulder
   • (Can we date this quote?), “Huvud, axlar, knä(n) och tå(r) [Head, Shoulders, Knee(s) and Toe(s) [singular in most versions, plural in the linked video]]”‎^[2]performed by Mora Träsk:

     Huvud, axlar, knän och tår, knän och tår. Huvud, axlar, knän och tår, knän och tår. Ögon, öron, kinden klappen får. Huvud, axlar, knän och tår, knän och tår.

     Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes. Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes. Eyes, ears, the pat on the cheek goes [the cheek gets the pat]. Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes.

Declension

Declension of axel

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	axel	axels
	definite	axeln	axelns
plural	indefinite	axlar	axlars
	definite	axlarna	axlarnas

Derived terms

• axelskydd
• axelvadd

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish axul, from Old Norse ǫxull. Related to Latin axis.

Noun

axel c

1. an axis; an imagined line about which something rotates
2. an axle; a rod around which a wheel turns
3. a driveshaft; a rotating rod which transfers torque from a motor to a place where it can be applied
4. (mathematics) an axis; as in coordinate axis

   den reella axeln

   the real axis

5. a jump in figure skating with one (or more) and a half turns in the air.

Declension

Declension of axel

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	axel	axels
	definite	axeln	axelns
plural	indefinite	axlar	axlars
	definite	axlarna	axlarnas

Derived terms

• axelmakt
• axelrem
• axeltapp
• bakaxel
• drivaxel
• framaxel
• kamaxel
• kardanaxel
• koordinataxel
• rotationsaxel
• vevaxel

References

• “axel”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “axel”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “axel”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Anagrams

• Alex