bóveda

See also: boveda and Bóveda

Galician

From Old Galician-Portuguese boveda (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). Attested during the High Middle Ages as bovata.^[1] From Germanic, probably from a Gothic *buwitha, from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *būaną (“to dwell reside, build”).^[2] Cognate with Portuguese abóbada and Spanish bóveda.

bóveda m (plural bóvedas)

arch
vault
- 1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 231:
  Et as rruas erã moy grãdes, de hũa parte et da outra, et erã feytas per grande engeño, et erã de suso cubertas de bóueda, et juso erã estradas per poyaes de boa pedra laurada
  And the streets were wide, in one side and the other, and were made with great ingenuity, and they were vaulted [lit. they were covered by vault] in the ceiling, and down they were paved with large squared stones
ceiling of an oven

Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “boveda”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “bóveda”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
“boveda” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
Antón Santamarina, editor (2006–2013), “boveda”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Santamarina, Ernesto X. González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “bóveda”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “bóveda”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

^ "Bovata" in Gallaeciae Monumenta Historica.
^ Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1983–1991), “bóveda”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎^[1] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-

Proto-Germanic *būaną

Gothic *𐌱𐌿𐍅𐌹𐌸𐌰 (*buwiþa)bor.

Old Spanish boueda

Spanish bóveda

Very likely of Germanic origin, from a Gothic *𐌱𐌿𐍅𐌹𐌸𐌰 (*buwiþa) (with the first vowel influenced by either Vulgar Latin *volvo or *volvita, both from Latin volūta), from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *būaną (“to dwell, reside, build”). Compare Portuguese abóbada and Catalan buada.
Less likely from Vulgar Latin *volvita, alteration of Latin volūta, from volvere (“turn”), but this presents serious phonetic difficulties regarding the lack of diphthongization of the first vowel, the loss of ⟨l⟩ in all cognates (see above), and the lack of syncope of the unstressed ⟨e⟩: *volvita > *volveta > *volvta > *vo(l)ta > *vue(l)ta would be expected (See Vulgar Latin *volv(i)cāre > volcar, Vulgar Latin vol(ū)tus > vuelto).^[1] If from Latin, doublet of voluta.

bóveda f (plural bóvedas)

(architecture) arch (arch-shaped arrangement of trapezoidal stones, designed to redistribute downward force outward, or other similar architectural element)
Synonym: arco
(architecture) vault (arched roof or ceiling, or a masonry structure supporting and forming this)
(architecture, El Salvador) bridge (construction spanning a divide and allowing for the passage of traffic)
Synonym: puente
crypt, sepulchre (underground vault, especially one beneath a church that is used as a burial place)
Synonym: cripta

^ Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1983–1991), “bóveda”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎^[2] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos