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būti

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: buti

Lithuanian

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Lithuanian bū́ti, fromProto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei; present tense forms are from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be); suppletive stem forms derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (to become). Compare identical situation in Old Church Slavonic бꙑти (byti). Cognate to Latvian bût, Old Prussian būton, English be, Latin fuī, Persian بودن, Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaiti), Sanskrit अभूत् (abhūt), Albanian botë, Ancient Greek φύω (phúō), Armenian բույս (buys).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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bū́ti (third-person present tense yrà, third-person past tense bùvo)

  1. to be
  2. to exist
  3. to become
Usage notes
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The copular verb bū́ti may be omitted in the present tense. For example, the yrà is optional in the sentence:

Lietuvà (yrà) labai̇̃ graži̇̀ šali̇̀s.
Lithuania is a very beautiful country.

When omitting the present-tense copula, it is possible to add emphasis through a change in intonation, the addition of the pronoun tai̇̃ (that; [now that's]), or the writing of a dash symbol ().

Lietuvàtai̇̃ labai̇̃ graži̇̀ šali̇̀s.
Lithuania – now that's a very beautiful country.
Conjugation
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Participles of būti
adjectival
active passive
present ẽsąs
ẽsantis
ẽsamas
past bùvęs bū́tas
past frequentative bū́davęs
future bū́siąs
bū́siantis
bū́simas
participle of necessity bū́tinas
adverbial
special (pusdalyvis) bū́damas
half-participle
(padalyviai)
present ẽsant
past bùvus
past frequentative bū́davus
future bū́siant
manner of action (būdinys) bū́te
bū́tinai
Derived terms
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References

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  • būti”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2026
  • Vytautas Ambrazas (2006), “4. Syntax § 1.19 The copula”, in Lithuanian Grammar, 2nd revised edition, pages 469–470

Etymology 2

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Participle

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būti

  1. nominative masculine plural of būtas

Old Lithuanian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei.

Verb

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būti (infinitive bū́ti)

  1. to be

Conjugation

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Conjugation of būti
singular dual plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative present esmi̇̀ esi̇̀ ẽst(i) esvà està esmè estè ẽsti
past {{{9}}} {{{10}}} {{{11}}} {{{12}}} {{{13}}} {{{14}}} {{{15}}} {{{16}}}
past frequentative {{{17}}} {{{18}}} {{{19}}} {{{20}}} {{{21}}} {{{22}}} {{{23}}} {{{24}}}
future {{{25}}} {{{26}}} {{{27}}} {{{28}}} {{{29}}} {{{30}}} {{{31}}} {{{32}}}
subjunctive {{{33}}} {{{34}}} {{{35}}} {{{36}}} {{{37}}} {{{38}}} {{{39}}} {{{40}}}
imperative {{{41}}} {{{42}}} {{{43}}} {{{44}}} {{{45}}} {{{46}}} {{{47}}}

Descendants

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  • Lithuanian: bū́ti