bezañ

Breton

Etymology

From Old Breton bout, bud, but, from Proto-Celtic *butā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be, become”). Cognate with Cornish bos and Welsh bod.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbe.(z)ɑ̃/

Verb

bezañ

1. to be

Usage notes

Three different forms are used in the 3rd person indicative present:

• The form zo is used when the subject is placed directly before it, and it is always preceded by the particle a (ex: an den a zo bras = the man is big).
• The form eo is used when the subject is anywhere but not before it. It is never preceded by any particle (ex: bras eo an den = big is the man).
• The form eus is usually preceded by the particle ez and means there is (ex: un den ez eus = there is a man).

Inflection

  Mutation of bezañ  

Breton consonant mutation
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
bezañ	vezañ	unchanged	pezañ	vezañ

Conjugation

Conjugation of bezañ

Personal forms
	Indicative								Conditional		Imperative
	Present	Present (situative)	Future	Imperfect	Imperfect (situative)	Preterite	Present (habitual)	Imperfect (habitual)	Present	Imperfect
1s	on	emaon	bin, bezin	oan	edon	boen	bezan	bezen	befen, ben	bijen	-
2s	out	emaout	bi, bezi	oas	edos	boes	bezez	bezes	befes, bes	bijes	bez
3s	zo, eo, eus*	emañ	bo, bezo	oa	edo	boe	bez	beze	befe, be	bije	bezet
1p	omp	emaomp	bimp, bezimp	oamp	edomp	boemp	bezomp	bezemp	befemp, bemp	bijemp	bezomp
2p	oc'h	emaoc'h	biot	oac'h	edoc'h	boec'h	bezit	bezec'h	befec'h, bec'h	bijec'h	bezit
3p	int	emaint	bent, bezint	oant	edont	boent	bezont	bezent	befent, bent	bijent	bezent
0	oar, eur	emeur	bior	oad	edod	boed	bezer	bezed	befed	bijed	-
Impersonal forms							Mutated forms
Infinitive: bezañ, (older) bout, bezout Present participle: o vezañ Past participle: bet (auxiliary verb: bezañ)							Soft mutation after a: a vez- Mixed mutation after e: e vez- (e usually becomes ez before vowels) Soft mutation after ne/na: ne/na vez- (n' before vowels)