bezañ

Breton

Etymology

Suppletive verb:

• Forms beginning with b- are from Old Breton bout, bud, but, from Proto-Brythonic *bod, from Proto-Celtic *butā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be, become”). Cognate with Cornish bos and Welsh bod.
• Forms such as on / out / eo can be compared to Cornish ov / os / yw and Welsh wyf / wyt / yw and are ultimately from Proto-Celtic *esti rather than *butā. Their analogous forms beginning with em-/ed- can be compared to the Cornish forms beginning with es- and the Welsh forms beginning with yd-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbe.(z)ɑ̃/

Verb

bezañ

1. to be

Conjugation

Conjugation of bezañ

			singular			plural			impersonal
			first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present		on	out	zo / eo / eus †	omp	oc'h	int	oar / eur
		sit.	emaon	emaout	emañ	emaomp	emaoc'h	emaint	emeur
		hab.	bezan	bezez	bez	bezomp	bezit	bezont	bezer
	future		bin / bezin	bi / bezi	bo / bezo	bimp / bezimp	biot	bent / bezint	bior
	imperfect		oan	oas	oa	oamp	oac'h	oant	oad
		sit.	edon	edos	edo	edomp	edoc'h	edont	edod
		hab.	bezen	bezes	beze	bezemp	bezec'h	bezent	bezed
	preterite		boen	boes	boe	boemp	boec'h	boent	boed
subjunctive	present		befen / ben	befes / bes	befe / be	befemp / bemp	befec'h / bec'h	befent / bent	befed
	imperfect		bijen	bijes	bije	bijemp	bijec'h	bijent	bijed
imperative			-	bez	bezet	bezomp	bezit	bezent	-
non-finite forms			present participle		o vezañ	past participle		bet

† Three different forms are used in the 3rd person indicative present:

• The form zo is used when the subject is placed directly before it, and it is always preceded by the particle a (ex: an den a zo bras = the man is big).
• The form eo is used when the subject is anywhere but not before it. It is never preceded by any particle (ex: bras eo an den = big is the man).
• The form eus is usually preceded by the particle ez and means there is (ex: un den ez eus = there is a man).

Mutation

Mutation of bezañ

unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
bezañ	vezañ	unchanged	pezañ	vezañ