capall

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Irish

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Capall

Etymology

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From Old Irish capall,[1] related to Welsh ceffyl and Latin caballus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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capall m (genitive singular capaill, nominative plural capaill)

  1. horse (large hoofed animal)
    Synonym: each
    Is minic a rinne bromach gioblach capall cumasach. (proverb)
    Many a ragged colt made a noble horse.
  2. (Ulster) mare
    Synonym: láir
  3. (genitive singular as attributive adjective) large, coarse (species of something)

Declension

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Hyponyms

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Derived terms

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Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
capall chapall gcapall
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “capall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 361, page 123

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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Uncertain. The Old Irish /p/ and the /f/ in Welsh ceffyl suggest an earlier *pp, making it impossible to be directly related to Gaulish Caballo-, which occurs in proper nouns. A common source of the Irish and Welsh words could be a hypothetical Vulgar Latin *cappillus, some kind of contamination of caballus (horse) and capellus (small goat). Latin caballus is assumed to be a borrowing from Gaulish. This might in turn be a Wanderwort originating in Asia, compare Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, a nag).[1][2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill)

  1. horse

Inflection

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Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative capall capallL capaillL
Vocative capaill capallL caipliuH
Accusative capallN capallL caipliuH
Genitive capaillL capall capallN
Dative capullL caiplib caiplib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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  • Irish: capall
  • Manx: cabbyl
  • Scottish Gaelic: capall
  • Old Norse: kapall

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
capall chapall capall
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Vendryes, Joseph (1987) Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume C, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, pages C-33-34
  2. ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, page 567

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Old Irish capall (horse), related to Welsh ceffyl and Latin caballus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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capall m (genitive singular capaill, plural capaill)

  1. colt
  2. mare (female horse)

Usage notes

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  • Even when meaning "mare", retains masculine gender.

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
capall chapall
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “capall”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “capall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language