cesser
English
Etymology
Noun
cesser (plural cessers)
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “cesser”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)
Anagrams
French
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin cessāre, present active infinitive of cessō.
Pronunciation
Verb
cesser
Conjugation
infinitive | simple | cesser | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | cessant /se.sɑ̃/ or /sɛ.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | cessé /se.se/ or /sɛ.se/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | cesse /sɛs/ |
cesses /sɛs/ |
cesse /sɛs/ |
cessons /se.sɔ̃/ or /sɛ.sɔ̃/ |
cessez /se.se/ or /sɛ.se/ |
cessent /sɛs/ |
imperfect | cessais /se.sɛ/ or /sɛ.sɛ/ |
cessais /se.sɛ/ or /sɛ.sɛ/ |
cessait /se.sɛ/ or /sɛ.sɛ/ |
cessions /se.sjɔ̃/ or /sɛ.sjɔ̃/ |
cessiez /se.sje/ or /sɛ.sje/ |
cessaient /se.sɛ/ or /sɛ.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | cessai /se.se/ or /sɛ.se/ |
cessas /se.sa/ or /sɛ.sa/ |
cessa /se.sa/ or /sɛ.sa/ |
cessâmes /se.sam/ or /sɛ.sam/ |
cessâtes /se.sat/ or /sɛ.sat/ |
cessèrent /se.sɛʁ/ or /sɛ.sɛʁ/ | |
future | cesserai /sɛ.sʁe/ or /se.sʁe/ |
cesseras /sɛ.sʁa/ or /se.sʁa/ |
cessera /sɛ.sʁa/ or /se.sʁa/ |
cesserons /sɛ.sʁɔ̃/ or /se.sʁɔ̃/ |
cesserez /sɛ.sʁe/ or /se.sʁe/ |
cesseront /sɛ.sʁɔ̃/ or /se.sʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | cesserais /sɛ.sʁɛ/ or /se.sʁɛ/ |
cesserais /sɛ.sʁɛ/ or /se.sʁɛ/ |
cesserait /sɛ.sʁɛ/ or /se.sʁɛ/ |
cesserions /sɛ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /se.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cesseriez /sɛ.sə.ʁje/ or /se.sə.ʁje/ |
cesseraient /sɛ.sʁɛ/ or /se.sʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | cesse /sɛs/ |
cesses /sɛs/ |
cesse /sɛs/ |
cessions /se.sjɔ̃/ or /sɛ.sjɔ̃/ |
cessiez /se.sje/ or /sɛ.sje/ |
cessent /sɛs/ |
imperfect2 | cessasse /se.sas/ or /sɛ.sas/ |
cessasses /se.sas/ or /sɛ.sas/ |
cessât /se.sa/ or /sɛ.sa/ |
cessassions /se.sa.sjɔ̃/ or /sɛ.sa.sjɔ̃/ |
cessassiez /se.sa.sje/ or /sɛ.sa.sje/ |
cessassent /se.sas/ or /sɛ.sas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | cesse /sɛs/ |
— | cessons /se.sɔ̃/ or /sɛ.sɔ̃/ |
cessez /se.se/ or /sɛ.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
Further reading
- “cesser”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
Verb
(deprecated template usage) cesser
Middle French
Verb
cesser
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | simple | cesser | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | cessant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | cessé | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | cesse | cesses | cesse | cessons | cessez | cessent |
imperfect | cessois, cessoys | cessois, cessoys | cessoit, cessoyt | cessions, cessyons | cessiez, cessyez | cessoient, cessoyent | |
past historic | cessa | cessas | cessa | cessasmes | cessastes | cesserent | |
future | cesserai, cesseray | cesseras | cessera | cesserons | cesserez | cesseront | |
conditional | cesserois, cesseroys | cesserois, cesseroys | cesseroit, cesseroyt | cesserions, cesseryons | cesseriez, cesseryez | cesseroient, cesseroyent | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | cesse | cesses | cesse | cessons | cessez | cessent |
imperfect | cessasse | cessasses | cessast | cessassions | cessassiez | cessassent | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | cesse | — | cessons | cessez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). |
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (cesser, supplement)
Old French
Verb
cesser
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ss, *-sss, *-sst are modified to s, s, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | cesser | avoir cessé | |||||
gerund | en cessant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | cessant | ||||||
past participle | cessé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | ces | cesses | cesse | cessons | cessez | cessent |
imperfect | cessoie, cesseie, cessoe, cesseve | cessoies, cesseies, cessoes, cesseves | cessoit, cesseit, cessot, cesseve | cessiiens, cessiens | cessiiez, cessiez | cessoient, cesseient, cessoent, cessevent | |
preterite | cessai | cessas | cessa | cessames | cessastes | cesserent | |
future | cesserai | cesseras | cessera | cesserons | cesseroiz, cessereiz, cesserez | cesseront | |
conditional | cesseroie, cessereie | cesseroies, cessereies | cesseroit, cessereit | cesseriiens, cesseriens | cesseriiez, cesseriez | cesseroient, cessereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | ces | ces | cest | cessons | cessez | cessent |
imperfect | cessasse | cessasses | cessast | cessissons, cessissiens | cessissoiz, cessissez, cessissiez | cessassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | cesse | — | cessons | cessez | — |
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (cesser, supplement)
- English terms suffixed with -er
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Law
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French verbs
- Middle French first group verbs
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French verbs with weak-a preterite
- Old French first group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -er