citharizo

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κιθαρίζω (kitharízō, “I play the lyre”), from κιθάρα (kithára, “lyre”), of pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ki.tʰaˈriz.zoː/, [kɪt̪ʰäˈrɪz̪d̪͡z̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃi.taˈrid.d͡zo/, [t͡ʃit̪äˈrid̪ː͡z̪o]

Verb

citharizō (present infinitive citharizāre, perfect active citharizāvī, supine citharizātum); first conjugation

1. to play the cithara
   • 100 BCE – 24 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, Liber de excellentibus ducibus exterarum gentium Epaminodas 2.1:

     Nam et citharizare et cantare ad chordarum sonum doctus est a Dionysio, qui non minore fuit in musicis gloria quam Damon aut Lamprus, quorum pervulgata sunt nomina, cantare tibiis ab Olympiodoro, saltare a Calliphrone.

     For at the lyre and at singing in harmony with its strings he was taught by Dionysius, who is held in no less glory amongst musicians than Damon or Lamprus, whose names are ubiquitous; to sing to the flutes, by Olympiodorus; and to dance by Calliphron.

Usage notes

• citharīzō is the sole Classical Latin borrowing of a Greek verb in -ίζω (-ízō); all other borrowings in this form took place in the Late Latin period, largely by Early Christian writers, originally in religious contexts.

Conjugation

Conjugation of citharizō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	citharizō	citharizās	citharizat	citharizāmus	citharizātis	citharizant
	imperfect	citharizābam	citharizābās	citharizābat	citharizābāmus	citharizābātis	citharizābant
	future	citharizābō	citharizābis	citharizābit	citharizābimus	citharizābitis	citharizābunt
	perfect	citharizāvī	citharizāvistī	citharizāvit	citharizāvimus	citharizāvistis	citharizāvērunt, citharizāvēre
	pluperfect	citharizāveram	citharizāverās	citharizāverat	citharizāverāmus	citharizāverātis	citharizāverant
	future perfect	citharizāverō	citharizāveris	citharizāverit	citharizāverimus	citharizāveritis	citharizāverint
passive	present	citharizor	citharizāris, citharizāre	citharizātur	citharizāmur	citharizāminī	citharizantur
	imperfect	citharizābar	citharizābāris, citharizābāre	citharizābātur	citharizābāmur	citharizābāminī	citharizābantur
	future	citharizābor	citharizāberis, citharizābere	citharizābitur	citharizābimur	citharizābiminī	citharizābuntur
	perfect	citharizātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	citharizātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	citharizātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	citharizem	citharizēs	citharizet	citharizēmus	citharizētis	citharizent
	imperfect	citharizārem	citharizārēs	citharizāret	citharizārēmus	citharizārētis	citharizārent
	perfect	citharizāverim	citharizāverīs	citharizāverit	citharizāverīmus	citharizāverītis	citharizāverint
	pluperfect	citharizāvissem	citharizāvissēs	citharizāvisset	citharizāvissēmus	citharizāvissētis	citharizāvissent
passive	present	citharizer	citharizēris, citharizēre	citharizētur	citharizēmur	citharizēminī	citharizentur
	imperfect	citharizārer	citharizārēris, citharizārēre	citharizārētur	citharizārēmur	citharizārēminī	citharizārentur
	perfect	citharizātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	citharizātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	citharizā	—	—	citharizāte	—
	future	—	citharizātō	citharizātō	—	citharizātōte	citharizantō
passive	present	—	citharizāre	—	—	citharizāminī	—
	future	—	citharizātor	citharizātor	—	—	citharizantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		citharizāre	citharizāvisse	citharizātūrum esse	citharizārī	citharizātum esse	citharizātum īrī
participles		citharizāns	—	citharizātūrus	—	citharizātus	citharizandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		citharizandī	citharizandō	citharizandum	citharizandō	citharizātum	citharizātū

Related terms

• cithara
• citharista

Descendants

• Italian: cetereggiare, citarizzare
• Romanian: cetereza

References

• “citharizo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “citharizo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• citharizo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• citharizo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016