cromlech

English

Etymology

From Welsh, from crom (“bowed, arched”, feminine of crwm) + llech (“flat stone”).

First element is a Germanic borrowing (compare Irish crom (“bent over”)) from Proto-Germanic *krumpaz; second element is from Proto-Celtic *ɸlikkā, compare German Fläche (“flat surface”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈkɹɒmlɛk/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈkɹɑmlɛk/

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: crom‧lech

Noun

cromlech (plural cromlechs)

1. A dolmen or ancient underground tomb in Wales, usually made with stones disposed in a circular shape.

   Synonym: bowing stone

   • 1922, James Joyce, Ulysses:

     The scenes depicted on the emunctory field, showing our ancient duns and raths and cromlechs and grianauns and seats of learning and maledictive stones, are as wonderfully beautiful and the pigments as delicate as when the Sligo illuminators gave free rein to their artistic fantasy long long ago in the time of the Barmecides.

Translations

Welsh dolmen or underground tomb

• Armenian: կրոմլեխ (hy) (kromlex)
• Basque: harrespil, cromlech (eu), mairu-baratze
• Breton: cromlec'h f
• Catalan: cromlec (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Cornish: krommlegh f
• Czech: kromlech m
• Esperanto: kromleĥo
• Estonian: kromlehh
• Finnish: cromlech
• French: cromlech (fr) m, cromlec'h (fr) m
• Georgian: კრომლეხი (ḳromlexi)
• German: Kromlech m, Cromlech m
• Greek: κρόμλεχ n (krómlech)
• Irish: liagchiorcal m
• Italian: cromlech (it) m
• Japanese: please add this translation if you can
• Korean: ^{(please verify)} 크롬레크 (keuromnekeu)
• Lithuanian: kromlechas m
• Occitan: cromlec m
• Polish: kromlech (pl) m
• Portuguese: cromeleque (pt) m
• Russian: кро́млех (ru) m (krómlex)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: кро̏млек m, кро̏млех m

  Latin: krȍmlek (sh) m, krȍmleh m

• Slovak: kromlech m
• Spanish: crómlech (es) m, crónlech m
• Welsh: cromlech f

Further reading

• Dolmen on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Basque

Etymology

Ultimately from Welsh cromlech.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kromlet͡ʃ/ [krõm.let͡ʃ]
• Rhymes: -omletʃ, -etʃ

Noun

cromlech inan

1. stone circle

   Synonyms: harrespil, mairu-baratze

Declension

Declension of cromlech (inan C-stem)

	indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive	cromlech	cromlecha	cromlechak	cromlechok
ergative	cromlechek	cromlechak	cromlechek	cromlechok
dative	cromlechi	cromlechari	cromlechei	cromlechoi
genitive	cromlechen	cromlecharen	cromlechen	cromlechon
comitative	cromlechekin	cromlecharekin	cromlechekin	cromlechokin
causative	cromlechengatik	cromlecharengatik	cromlechengatik	cromlechongatik
benefactive	cromlechentzat	cromlecharentzat	cromlechentzat	cromlechontzat
instrumental	cromlechez	cromlechaz	cromlechez	cromlechotaz
innesive	cromlechetan	cromlechean	cromlechetan	cromlechotan
locative	cromlechetako	cromlecheko	cromlechetako	cromlechotako
allative	cromlechetara	cromlechera	cromlechetara	cromlechotara
terminative	cromlechetaraino	cromlecheraino	cromlechetaraino	cromlechotaraino
directive	cromlechetarantz	cromlecherantz	cromlechetarantz	cromlechotarantz
destinative	cromlechetarako	cromlecherako	cromlechetarako	cromlechotarako
ablative	cromlechetatik	cromlechetik	cromlechetatik	cromlechotatik
partitive	cromlechik	—	—	—
prolative	cromlechtzat	—	—	—

Further reading

• “cromlech”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]

Welsh

Etymology

From crom (“bowed, arched”, feminine of crwm) +‎ llech (“flat stone”).

First element is a Germanic borrowing (compare Irish crom (“bent over”)) from Proto-Germanic *krumpaz; second element is from Proto-Celtic *ɸlikkā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkrɔmlɛχ/

Noun

cromlech f (plural cromlechi)

1. cromlech (Welsh dolmen or underground tomb)

Mutation

Mutated forms of cromlech

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cromlech	gromlech	nghromlech	chromlech

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• The Journal of Indo-European Studies (1999)