dubius
Latin
Etymology
Shortened form of duhibius (“held as two”), from duo (“two”) + habeō (“have, hold”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈdu.bi.us/, [ˈd̪ʊbiʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈdu.bi.us/, [ˈd̪uːbius]
Adjective
dubius (feminine dubia, neuter dubium); first/second-declension adjective
- Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating, wavering.
- (figuratively) Vacillating in mind, uncertain; doubting, doubtful, dubious, irresolute, undetermined.
- (of a situation) Precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult, adverse, doubtful.
- (of weather) Changeable, uncertain.
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | dubius | dubia | dubium | dubiī | dubiae | dubia | |
Genitive | dubiī | dubiae | dubiī | dubiōrum | dubiārum | dubiōrum | |
Dative | dubiō | dubiō | dubiīs | ||||
Accusative | dubium | dubiam | dubium | dubiōs | dubiās | dubia | |
Ablative | dubiō | dubiā | dubiō | dubiīs | |||
Vocative | dubie | dubia | dubium | dubiī | dubiae | dubia |
Antonyms
- (doubtful): indubius
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
References
- “dubius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “dubius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- dubius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- dubius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- a critical position; a hopeless state of affairs: res dubiae, perditae, afflictae
- vague rumours reach us: dubii rumores afferuntur ad nos
- to throw doubt upon a thing: in dubio ponere
- to leave a thing undecided: aliquid in medio, in dubio relinquere (Cael. 20. 48)
- without doubt, beyond all doubt: sine dubio (not sine ullo dubio)
- (ambiguous) to throw doubt upon a thing: in dubium vocare
- (ambiguous) to become doubtful: in dubium venire
- (ambiguous) to leave a thing undecided: aliquid dubium, incertum relinquere
- a critical position; a hopeless state of affairs: res dubiae, perditae, afflictae