futha

Xhosa

Etymology

From the ideophone fu.

Verb

-futha^?

1. to hiss (of a snake)

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-futha

1. (transitive) to inflate, to pump up, to blow up
2. (intransitive) to throb (pulsate painfully)

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukufutha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukufutha	ukungafuthi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	futha	-futhe
Plural	futhani	-futheni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyafutha, ngifutha	engifuthayo, engifutha	ngifutha	angifuthi	engingafuthi	ngingafuthi
2nd singular	uyafutha, ufutha	ofuthayo, ofutha	ufutha	awufuthi	ongafuthi	ungafuthi
1st plural	siyafutha, sifutha	esifuthayo, esifutha	sifutha	asifuthi	esingafuthi	singafuthi
2nd plural	niyafutha, nifutha	enifuthayo, enifutha	nifutha	anifuthi	eningafuthi	ningafuthi
Class 1	uyafutha, ufutha	ofuthayo, ofutha	efutha	akafuthi	ongafuthi	engafuthi
Class 2	bayafutha, bafutha	abafuthayo, abafutha	befutha	abafuthi	abangafuthi	bengafuthi
Class 3	uyafutha, ufutha	ofuthayo, ofutha	ufutha	awufuthi	ongafuthi	ungafuthi
Class 4	iyafutha, ifutha	efuthayo, efutha	ifutha	ayifuthi	engafuthi	ingafuthi
Class 5	liyafutha, lifutha	elifuthayo, elifutha	lifutha	alifuthi	elingafuthi	lingafuthi
Class 6	ayafutha, afutha	afuthayo, afutha	efutha	awafuthi	angafuthi	engafuthi
Class 7	siyafutha, sifutha	esifuthayo, esifutha	sifutha	asifuthi	esingafuthi	singafuthi
Class 8	ziyafutha, zifutha	ezifuthayo, ezifutha	zifutha	azifuthi	ezingafuthi	zingafuthi
Class 9	iyafutha, ifutha	efuthayo, efutha	ifutha	ayifuthi	engafuthi	ingafuthi
Class 10	ziyafutha, zifutha	ezifuthayo, ezifutha	zifutha	azifuthi	ezingafuthi	zingafuthi
Class 11	luyafutha, lufutha	olufuthayo, olufutha	lufutha	alufuthi	olungafuthi	lungafuthi
Class 14	buyafutha, bufutha	obufuthayo, obufutha	bufutha	abufuthi	obungafuthi	bungafuthi
Class 15	kuyafutha, kufutha	okufuthayo, okufutha	kufutha	akufuthi	okungafuthi	kungafuthi
Class 17	kuyafutha, kufutha	okufuthayo, okufutha	kufutha	akufuthi	okungafuthi	kungafuthi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngifuthile, ngifuthē	engifuthile, engifuthē	ngifuthile, ngifuthē	angifuthanga	engingafuthanga	ngingafuthanga
2nd singular	ufuthile, ufuthē	ofuthile, ofuthē	ufuthile, ufuthē	awufuthanga	ongafuthanga	ungafuthanga
1st plural	sifuthile, sifuthē	esifuthile, esifuthē	sifuthile, sifuthē	asifuthanga	esingafuthanga	singafuthanga
2nd plural	nifuthile, nifuthē	enifuthile, enifuthē	nifuthile, nifuthē	anifuthanga	eningafuthanga	ningafuthanga
Class 1	ufuthile, ufuthē	ofuthile, ofuthē	efuthile, efuthē	akafuthanga	ongafuthanga	engafuthanga
Class 2	bafuthile, bafuthē	abafuthile, abafuthē	befuthile, befuthē	abafuthanga	abangafuthanga	bengafuthanga
Class 3	ufuthile, ufuthē	ofuthile, ofuthē	ufuthile, ufuthē	awufuthanga	ongafuthanga	ungafuthanga
Class 4	ifuthile, ifuthē	efuthile, efuthē	ifuthile, ifuthē	ayifuthanga	engafuthanga	ingafuthanga
Class 5	lifuthile, lifuthē	elifuthile, elifuthē	lifuthile, lifuthē	alifuthanga	elingafuthanga	lingafuthanga
Class 6	afuthile, afuthē	afuthile, afuthē	efuthile, efuthē	awafuthanga	angafuthanga	engafuthanga
Class 7	sifuthile, sifuthē	esifuthile, esifuthē	sifuthile, sifuthē	asifuthanga	esingafuthanga	singafuthanga
Class 8	zifuthile, zifuthē	ezifuthile, ezifuthē	zifuthile, zifuthē	azifuthanga	ezingafuthanga	zingafuthanga
Class 9	ifuthile, ifuthē	efuthile, efuthē	ifuthile, ifuthē	ayifuthanga	engafuthanga	ingafuthanga
Class 10	zifuthile, zifuthē	ezifuthile, ezifuthē	zifuthile, zifuthē	azifuthanga	ezingafuthanga	zingafuthanga
Class 11	lufuthile, lufuthē	olufuthile, olufuthē	lufuthile, lufuthē	alufuthanga	olungafuthanga	lungafuthanga
Class 14	bufuthile, bufuthē	obufuthile, obufuthē	bufuthile, bufuthē	abufuthanga	obungafuthanga	bungafuthanga
Class 15	kufuthile, kufuthē	okufuthile, okufuthē	kufuthile, kufuthē	akufuthanga	okungafuthanga	kungafuthanga
Class 17	kufuthile, kufuthē	okufuthile, okufuthē	kufuthile, kufuthē	akufuthanga	okungafuthanga	kungafuthanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāfutha	engāfutha	ngāfutha	angifuthanga	engingafuthanga	ngingafuthanga
2nd singular	wāfutha	owāfutha	wāfutha	awufuthanga	ongafuthanga	ungafuthanga
1st plural	sāfutha	esāfutha	sāfutha	asifuthanga	esingafuthanga	singafuthanga
2nd plural	nāfutha	enāfutha	nāfutha	anifuthanga	eningafuthanga	ningafuthanga
Class 1	wāfutha	owāfutha	āfutha	akafuthanga	ongafuthanga	engafuthanga
Class 2	bāfutha	abāfutha	bāfutha	abafuthanga	abangafuthanga	bengafuthanga
Class 3	wāfutha	owāfutha	wāfutha	awufuthanga	ongafuthanga	ungafuthanga
Class 4	yāfutha	eyāfutha	yāfutha	ayifuthanga	engafuthanga	ingafuthanga
Class 5	lāfutha	elāfutha	lāfutha	alifuthanga	elingafuthanga	lingafuthanga
Class 6	āfutha	āfutha	āfutha	awafuthanga	angafuthanga	engafuthanga
Class 7	sāfutha	esāfutha	sāfutha	asifuthanga	esingafuthanga	singafuthanga
Class 8	zāfutha	ezāfutha	zāfutha	azifuthanga	ezingafuthanga	zingafuthanga
Class 9	yāfutha	eyāfutha	yāfutha	ayifuthanga	engafuthanga	ingafuthanga
Class 10	zāfutha	ezāfutha	zāfutha	azifuthanga	ezingafuthanga	zingafuthanga
Class 11	lwāfutha	olwāfutha	lwāfutha	alufuthanga	olungafuthanga	lungafuthanga
Class 14	bāfutha	obāfutha	bāfutha	abufuthanga	obungafuthanga	bungafuthanga
Class 15	kwāfutha	okwāfutha	kwāfutha	akufuthanga	okungafuthanga	kungafuthanga
Class 17	kwāfutha	okwāfutha	kwāfutha	akufuthanga	okungafuthanga	kungafuthanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingafutha	—	ngingafutha	ngingefuthe	—	ngingefuthe
2nd singular	ungafutha	—	ungafutha	ungefuthe	—	ungefuthe
1st plural	singafutha	—	singafutha	singefuthe	—	singefuthe
2nd plural	ningafutha	—	ningafutha	ningefuthe	—	ningefuthe
Class 1	angafutha	—	engafutha	angefuthe	—	engefuthe
Class 2	bangafutha	—	bengafutha	bangefuthe	—	bengefuthe
Class 3	ungafutha	—	ungafutha	ungefuthe	—	ungefuthe
Class 4	ingafutha	—	ingafutha	ingefuthe	—	ingefuthe
Class 5	lingafutha	—	lingafutha	lingefuthe	—	lingefuthe
Class 6	angafutha	—	engafutha	angefuthe	—	engefuthe
Class 7	singafutha	—	singafutha	singefuthe	—	singefuthe
Class 8	zingafutha	—	zingafutha	zingefuthe	—	zingefuthe
Class 9	ingafutha	—	ingafutha	ingefuthe	—	ingefuthe
Class 10	zingafutha	—	zingafutha	zingefuthe	—	zingefuthe
Class 11	lungafutha	—	lungafutha	lungefuthe	—	lungefuthe
Class 14	bungafutha	—	bungafutha	bungefuthe	—	bungefuthe
Class 15	kungafutha	—	kungafutha	kungefuthe	—	kungefuthe
Class 17	kungafutha	—	kungafutha	kungefuthe	—	kungefuthe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizofutha	engizofutha	ngizofutha	angizufutha	engingezufutha	ngingezufutha
2nd singular	uzofutha	ozofutha	uzofutha	awuzufutha	ongezufutha	ungezufutha
1st plural	sizofutha	esizofutha	sizofutha	asizufutha	esingezufutha	singezufutha
2nd plural	nizofutha	enizofutha	nizofutha	anizufutha	eningezufutha	ningezufutha
Class 1	uzofutha	ozofutha	ezofutha	akazufutha	ongezufutha	engezufutha
Class 2	bazofutha	abazofutha	bezofutha	abazufutha	abangezufutha	bengezufutha
Class 3	uzofutha	ozofutha	uzofutha	awuzufutha	ongezufutha	ungezufutha
Class 4	izofutha	ezofutha	izofutha	ayizufutha	engezufutha	ingezufutha
Class 5	lizofutha	elizofutha	lizofutha	alizufutha	elingezufutha	lingezufutha
Class 6	azofutha	azofutha	ezofutha	awazufutha	angezufutha	engezufutha
Class 7	sizofutha	esizofutha	sizofutha	asizufutha	esingezufutha	singezufutha
Class 8	zizofutha	ezizofutha	zizofutha	azizufutha	ezingezufutha	zingezufutha
Class 9	izofutha	ezofutha	izofutha	ayizufutha	engezufutha	ingezufutha
Class 10	zizofutha	ezizofutha	zizofutha	azizufutha	ezingezufutha	zingezufutha
Class 11	luzofutha	oluzofutha	luzofutha	aluzufutha	olungezufutha	lungezufutha
Class 14	buzofutha	obuzofutha	buzofutha	abuzufutha	obungezufutha	bungezufutha
Class 15	kuzofutha	okuzofutha	kuzofutha	akuzufutha	okungezufutha	kungezufutha
Class 17	kuzofutha	okuzofutha	kuzofutha	akuzufutha	okungezufutha	kungezufutha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyofutha	engiyofutha	ngiyofutha	angiyufutha	engingeyufutha	ngingeyufutha
2nd singular	uyofutha	oyofutha	uyofutha	awuyufutha	ongeyufutha	ungeyufutha
1st plural	siyofutha	esiyofutha	siyofutha	asiyufutha	esingeyufutha	singeyufutha
2nd plural	niyofutha	eniyofutha	niyofutha	aniyufutha	eningeyufutha	ningeyufutha
Class 1	uyofutha	oyofutha	eyofutha	akayufutha	ongeyufutha	engeyufutha
Class 2	bayofutha	abayofutha	beyofutha	abayufutha	abangeyufutha	bengeyufutha
Class 3	uyofutha	oyofutha	uyofutha	awuyufutha	ongeyufutha	ungeyufutha
Class 4	iyofutha	eyofutha	iyofutha	ayiyufutha	engeyufutha	ingeyufutha
Class 5	liyofutha	eliyofutha	liyofutha	aliyufutha	elingeyufutha	lingeyufutha
Class 6	ayofutha	ayofutha	eyofutha	awayufutha	angeyufutha	engeyufutha
Class 7	siyofutha	esiyofutha	siyofutha	asiyufutha	esingeyufutha	singeyufutha
Class 8	ziyofutha	eziyofutha	ziyofutha	aziyufutha	ezingeyufutha	zingeyufutha
Class 9	iyofutha	eyofutha	iyofutha	ayiyufutha	engeyufutha	ingeyufutha
Class 10	ziyofutha	eziyofutha	ziyofutha	aziyufutha	ezingeyufutha	zingeyufutha
Class 11	luyofutha	oluyofutha	luyofutha	aluyufutha	olungeyufutha	lungeyufutha
Class 14	buyofutha	obuyofutha	buyofutha	abuyufutha	obungeyufutha	bungeyufutha
Class 15	kuyofutha	okuyofutha	kuyofutha	akuyufutha	okungeyufutha	kungeyufutha
Class 17	kuyofutha	okuyofutha	kuyofutha	akuyufutha	okungeyufutha	kungeyufutha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngifuthe	ngingafuthi
2nd singular	ufuthe	ungafuthi
1st plural	sifuthe	singafuthi
2nd plural	nifuthe	ningafuthi
Class 1	afuthe	angafuthi
Class 2	bafuthe	bangafuthi
Class 3	ufuthe	ungafuthi
Class 4	ifuthe	ingafuthi
Class 5	lifuthe	lingafuthi
Class 6	afuthe	angafuthi
Class 7	sifuthe	singafuthi
Class 8	zifuthe	zingafuthi
Class 9	ifuthe	ingafuthi
Class 10	zifuthe	zingafuthi
Class 11	lufuthe	lungafuthi
Class 14	bufuthe	bungafuthi
Class 15	kufuthe	kungafuthi
Class 17	kufuthe	kungafuthi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngafutha	ngangafutha, angafutha, angangafutha
2nd singular	wafutha	wangafutha, awafutha, awangafutha
1st plural	safutha	sangafutha, asafutha, asangafutha
2nd plural	nafutha	nangafutha, anafutha, anangafutha
Class 1	wafutha	wangafutha, akafutha, akangafutha
Class 2	bafutha	bangafutha, abafutha, abangafutha
Class 3	wafutha	wangafutha, awafutha, awangafutha
Class 4	yafutha	yangafutha, ayafutha, ayangafutha
Class 5	lafutha	langafutha, alafutha, alangafutha
Class 6	afutha	angafutha, awafutha, awangafutha
Class 7	safutha	sangafutha, asafutha, asangafutha
Class 8	zafutha	zangafutha, azafutha, azangafutha
Class 9	yafutha	yangafutha, ayafutha, ayangafutha
Class 10	zafutha	zangafutha, azafutha, azangafutha
Class 11	lwafutha	lwangafutha, alwafutha, alwangafutha
Class 14	bafutha	bangafutha, abafutha, abangafutha
Class 15	kwafutha	kwangafutha, akwafutha, akwangafutha
Class 17	kwafutha	kwangafutha, akwafutha, akwangafutha

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “futha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “futha (6.3)”