hajduk
English
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Hungarian hajdúk, plural of hajdú (“foot-soldier”). The Hungarian word may derive from hajtó which meant “(cattle) drover”. In 16th century Hungary, cattle driving was an important and dangerous occupation and drovers traveled armed. Some of them ended up as bandits or retainers in the service of local landowners and many may have become soldiers. In any case, the term hajduk came to be used in the 16th century to describe irregular soldiers. There is probably an etymological link between hajdú and the Turkish word haydut which was used by the Ottomans to describe Hungarian infantry soldiers and has the sense 'outlaw, robber' in modern Turkish usage, though it is not clear whether the word travelled from Hungarian to Turkish or vice versa.
Noun
hajduk (plural hajduks)
- (historical) An outlaw, highwayman, or freedom fighter in the Balkans.
- (archaic) A mercenary foot soldier in Hungary.
- (historical) A halberdier of a Hungarian noble.
- (historical) An attendant in German or Hungarian courts.
Alternative forms
A large number of forms are attested, many influenced by the spellings which languages other than Hungarian used. The three most common forms are hayduk, hajduk and haiduk. In order from (roughly) most common to least common, other attested forms include:
Translations
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Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
hàjdūk m (Cyrillic spelling ха̀јдӯк)
Declension
- English terms derived from Hungarian
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with historical senses
- English terms with archaic senses
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Hungarian
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns